Question Answers

Question 1

Many critics, observers, and analyzers see youth unemployment as a one of the greatest reason behind the recent Arab uprisings. The growing unemployment rate for the last two decades charged frustration among youth of certain Arab countries, leading to a violent outburst. This frustration and anger spilled young community out into the streets at the beginning of 2011. It was a rebellion against the political regimes in Syria, Egypt, Yemen, and Tunisia.

According to the reports published by the International Labor Organization (ILO), unemployment increased considerably during last few years across the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, which finally stammered out in the shape of political turmoil. ILO has estimated that the unemployment rate during 2011 was about 26.5% in the Middle East while North Africa was facing 27.9% unemployment rate. Unemployment rate in Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya were estimated to be about 40% in average (ILO 2011).

Tunisia was the first country from where the uprising initiated. Analysts say that unemployment was the catalyst among other reasons. The country was swiftly growing economically; though, it was unable to create more jobs for its youth as compare to the economic growth. Many among the youth in these countries are not only unemployed, but are also not compatible for jobs at private sectors as they are educated to be more suitable for public sector. However, the public sector is dependent on state patronage and is weaker. These situations impose a failure for public sector despite being the main generators of job. This situation led to a high degree of injustice among youth who did not see any social and economic mobility, hence revolting against the regimes.

Question 2

Inter-group violence often occur due to the social, political, and economic inequalities among people, such as in Arab countries that are facing uprisings for ...