Primary and Secondary Data Collection

Primary and Secondary Data Collection

Introduction

Researchers and social scientists use different data collection techniques and procedures. Some of the effective data collection strategies involve using experiments or quasi experiments. The main purpose behind using the experimental approach is to develop causal inferences between the data and the research findings. The research designs of the experiments and quasi experiments have strong cause and effect approach. On the other hand research techniques, such as surveys and questionnaires are based upon more structured research design and involves large number of variables and conducted upon large number of population size. The third type of data collection technique involves using focus groups, in-depth interviews and discussion and the main aim behind such a strategy is to collect a large amount of useful information from small sample of respondents or participants (Hox & Boeije, 2005, pp. 593).

Data is considered as one of the most important part of research study. Research methodologies can vary and differ depending upon the need of research and field or subject with regards to which the research is being undertaken. The importance and role of data collection stage is the same in every research that is to provide meaning to the research through interpretation and analysis by the researcher. It is the most basic unit in the field and study of statistics. Additionally useful statistical information like census, demographics, population variables, statistics related to health etc are all interpreted and developed from data. It also plays an important role in the field of computer science as all the numbers, digits, figures and images are data.

Discussion

Data collection has been referred to as a process of collecting important information and then analyzing and measuring it on the basis of variables that are of interest to the researcher with regards to a particular research. The analysis and interpretation is done in a systematic manner so as to answer the research questions. This is done through development of hypotheses for a particular situation and then the outcomes of the research are evaluated to draw useful meaning from the data and findings. Data collection has equal importance in every field of study may it be physical or social science, business, philosophy, business etc. though the methods of data collection research design may be different by the data collection remains as an important stage and must be collected with honesty and must be reported by remaining neutral to maintain the credibility of the research. Accuracy of data collection is extremely important to maintain the integrity and quality of the research. It is also important that the researchers conducting research must employ relevant and appropriated data collection tools and techniques with clear instructions so that the chances of error and bias will be at its minimum. A poor and improper collection of data will have negative consequences and the researcher will be unable to answer the research questions accurately. Such a research will be a wasted of important resources both in terms of finances and time ...