Organizational Theory and Behavior

Organizational Theory and Behavior

Question # 1: Evolution of Job Design

Job design is the method through which organizations divide the work amongst its employees. It includes the job content, method and the social and structural aspects of the job. Many considerations have to be made while designing or shaping a job and its components. The word design itself explains these two components and their importance in the concepts of job design. Job design aligns with the organizational goals and targets as it is vital for the organizational work and productivity. Employee's well-being and satisfaction relates directly to the job design which in turn leads to the output and productivity of the organization (Durrani, 2010).

Realization of the importance and implications of the element of the human aspect in designing a job came around the mid of the 20th century. Before this time, Taylor's concepts of scientific management governed the process of job designs and increment in the productivity had been the main focus. Those concepts focused less on the human aspect of the job and considerations such as satisfaction of the employee and his/her well-being had not been the focus in designing of a job(Lewis, 2007). This view did work well and Taylor's notions and concepts prevailed for a long time increasing the productivity of the organizations.

Around the mid of the 20th century, contemporary thinkers gave way to consider the human aspect for job designs. Workers' motivation, satisfaction and other environmental aspects such as work conditions also started to encompass the management and implication of the job design. Nowadays, jobs are designed in a way that motivates and satisfies the employee. This approach evolved into the contemporary approach which is effective for job designs (Lewis, 2007). Question # 2: Burnout and Stress. Which is worse of the ...