ARTCILE SUMMARIES

Artcile Summaries



Artcile Summaries

Summary of Solid Waste Management

Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the major reasons of environmental degradation in countries. Inappropriate management of solid waste causes hazards to dwellers. Recent literature on current SWM practices in five major cities of Countries has been reviewed, and an effort has been made to provide a comprehensive review on the total amount of municipal solid waste generated, storage, collection, physical composition, transfer, processing and disposal of SW. There is an overall fragmented approach to the SWM in Countries. Inadequate waste collection system exists as it is collected only 51-69% of the total waste generated in a few major cities. Municipal collection of household waste is quite irregular and limited to high-income areas.

Generally, inadequate disposal service and no weighing facilities are installed at most of the disposal sites. There is a poor management of hazardous waste and under the current disposal practice no proper method is being employed. The review of the legal framework indicates that there is a need for detailed and clear regulations dealing specifically with solid waste. In addition, promotion of public awareness, legislation, financial and economic calculations, strengthen institutional capacity and regulations enforcement and establishment of a proper sanitary landfill are considered to be principal remedial measures to ensure sound environmental maintenance.

The preparation for reuse includes control operations, cleaning or repairing for reuse a product or a component of a product that otherwise would have become waste without applying any pretreatment. This process involves a change in behavior in both the patterns of the population as in the production process of the products. The quantities of waste generated can be reduced during the different stages of the life of a product-design, production, distribution, consumption and end-of-life-and may involve changes in raw materials, the use of other ...