GLOBAL WARMING

Global Warming

Global Warming

In the 80 and 90 of the international team of scientistswent to the pole, where Earth's climate history stored on ice. Ice cores, is like a time machine, with its help you can re-create the pattern of climate change. Ice is a mine ofinformation, the layers are not only indicate a glacial period, which retain dust and volcanic sand droughtperiods. Therefore, all that is in the atmosphere can be measured, including its composition. As carbon dioxide, methane, and what happened to greenhouse gases? The concentration of different oxygen isotopes in ice corescan indicate how temperature changed in the past.

The International Community Is Organized

The international community is reacting and therefore created the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. This panel consists of experts from around the world and aims to inform world leaders of scientific, technical and economic information on climate change, its impact and possible solutions.

The IPCC is the specialized agency of the United Nations Organization created to deepen the knowledge about the global warming phenomenon. This scientific body issues a periodic report from the information available and the advances in research produced worldwide.

It should be noted that to date this panel of experts is already the leading source of scientific advice and brings together nearly three thousand experts from 150 countries. The First IPCC Assessment Report was published in 1990, and formed the scientific basis for the negotiation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, which was completed in the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.

The Second Assessment Report was published in 1995 and its key finding was: "All the evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate." The report was instrumental in negotiating the Kyoto Protocol in December 1997, the largest international instrument to tackle global warming.

The Kyoto Protocol

This is an agreement reached by governments at the United Nations Conference held in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997, to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by developed countries by 5.2 percent from levels in 1990 during the period between 2008 and 2012. A total of 141 nations have ratified the pact.

The history of this protocol is theEarth Summit in Rio de Janeiro , in 1992. At this meeting, leaders created the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which established a non-binding goal of stabilizing emissions at 1990 levels by 2000. The Kyoto Protocol is the first legally binding global agreement to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.

The Kyoto Protocol legally binding on countries that have ratified it as of February 16, 2005 after two conditions are met: the backing of at least 55 countries and these countries represent at least 55 percent of carbon dioxide emissions of developed countries.

It is important to note that the second condition was fulfilled since November 2004 when Russia ratified the protocol. Currently it supports countries representing 61.6 percent of emissions.

Worth mentioning the repeated refusal of the United States, the world's largest polluter, to sign the Kyoto treaty on the grounds that it affects their economy and fails to include some countries like China, with growing ...