Theories in Nursing

Theories in Nursing

Introduction

Nursing is becoming more popular with the advent of research and use of theories, starting to be seen as an important discipline in health care while important role in the promotion, prevention and rehabilitation (Meleis, 2010).

Theories include a set of concepts and assumptions related to each other, covering the field of practice, teaching and research. Nursing theories bring concepts and propositions related to nursing and linked to a vision of the world. The first nursing theories originated in the sixties, seeking a relationship between the facts to establish a science of nursing and explanation of the events related to the natural universe.

Discussion

However, the study of the theories concerned, still, some discomfort among nurses due to the absence of a greater familiarity with the topic. New knowledge about the theories and their importance as an ally in the care system would provide a reduction in the level of expectation, contributing to the quality of care.

For more effective theories of nursing, it is essential to use criteria regarding the use and application for this study without distortion. Meleis, Theoretical Nursing in his book, reports the progress of nursing with the influence of philosophical assumptions and theoretical lines. Critically examines and compares the different epistemologies and nursing theories, outlining components of theory and criteria for criticism.

Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relationships in Nursing

Peplau has looked to underline the importance of interpersonal relationships within the domain of nursing for the effective delivery of care in nursing. Such a theory looks to incorporate the needs of different entities in nursing such as patients, nurses and physicians.

Obviously, the fundamental elements of nursing practice are the patient, the nurse and the events involving both during a caregiving situation. Here, then, the fundamental importance of Peplau trying to "professionalize" what nursing, somehow, already performs when interacting with the patient, though they do, in most cases, intuitively (Johnson, & Webber, 2010).

In general, the theoretical nursing theories have used discharged outside the nursing as a support base for the development of their theories. Among those who were prepared outside of nursing and have been applied to this field in order to offer explanations for the relationship between man, the environment, health and nursing and guide the nursing process are: systems theory, tension and adaptation, growth and development and the pace (George, 2010).Regarding the Theory of Interpersonal Relations Peplau, one can say that its foundations are growth and development, as studies Erick Fromm, and especially the Interpersonal Theory of Harry Stack Sullivan.

In general, these theories adopt the basic assumption that the human growth and development occur gradually until the realization of their full potential. Growth is seen as an increase related to the size and physical forms, orderly and regular trends in their direction, but that happens to every person in a unique pattern influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The development, however, relates to functional changes in the individual, more qualitative and also receives internal and external ...