Summary

Summary

Introduction

The purpose of writing the paper is to give the readers a summary of the research work basically related to the cancer effects. The first article selected is by Stamataki, et. al., 2011 by the name of 'Weight changes in oncology patients during the first year after diagnosis: a qualitative investigation of the patients' experiences'. However, the second paper is on the Compromised quality of life in adult patients who received radiations by Lofdahl, et. al., (2012).

Article 1

Background

The presence of cancer can have a negative impact on the nutritional status of the patient. 20% of cancer patients, which roughly amounted to around two million people, do not pass the disease to the serious consequences of malnutrition. Unlike what happened until now, malnutrition can no longer be considered as an inevitable side effect of the disease to which resign; it is, in fact, preventable and reversible as long as the nutritional intervention is the most timely manner possible, becoming an integral part of cancer care as personalized, dynamic, and is designed to prevent or correct the weight loss and malnutrition. Preventing loss of weight reduces the toxicity induced by radio-chemotherapy, improves the sensitivity of tumor cells to anti-neo-plastic treatment, strengthens the body's defenses, decreases the frequency and duration of hospitalization, and prevents post-operative complications and depression. All this has a positive impact on quality of life, allowing you to prevent the loss of strength and weakness that may result. 

The type of intervention implemented to achieve these objectives depends on the stage of the disease and the type of treatment prescribed by the oncologist, and depending on the cases may provide an adequate diet, the administration of supplements or nutritional supplements for oral or mouth, If these measures are insufficient or ineffective, you may use the enteral or parenteral nutrition in hospital or at home. 

Objective

The objective of the study was to acquire a deeper understanding of the cancer patients related to their physical health especially related to the weight gain or loss. The anticancer therapies may lead to an increase of weight. This is particularly common in women with breast cancer, which are very often encounter overweight or obesity also within walking distance from the start of adjuvant therapy or in subsequent years. Overweight is an unfavorable prognostic factor for breast cancer, increasing both the risk of a first tumor to recurrence after therapy. Overweight and obesity also increase the risk of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the maintenance of its own weight form is of great importance in cancer patients, because both the loss that the increase in involuntary weight, although with different mechanisms, adversely affects the resilience of the organism after the anticancer therapies. 

For reasons of simplicity, it was thought to distinguish three general parts, the first of which is dedicated to the treatment of weight loss in all its expressions; the second aims to provide recommendations for the management of problems often associated with chemo-or radiotherapy or due to surgery, and the third, however, contains important information on eating a healthy diet and ...