Pre-eclampsia Risk for the Mother and Baby during Pregnancy



Abstract

Pre-eclampsia is defined as a severe complication or an emergency condition of pregnancy. This condition is mainly associated with increase hypertension along with a condition of protein uria. The actual cause of this condition is unknown and the only effective treatment is immediate delivery of the fetus. Pre-eclampsia posses a great risk to the lives of both the mother and fetus because if this condition is not treated on time it will result in death of the mother as well as the fetus. So therefore effective management of this disease should be done in order to ensure the safety of the fetus and the mother.

Pre-eclampsia Risk for the Mother and Baby during Pregnancyi

Abstractii

Introduction1

Pre-eclampsia1

Diagnosis3

Symptoms of pre-eclampsia3

Risk factors for pre-eclampsia4

Clinical assessments4

Role of Blood coagulation pathway and blood clots in pre-eclampsia5

Severity assessment in pre-eclampsia6

Management of pre-eclampsia7

Pre-eclampsia resolution8

Hellp Syndrome9

Treatment of pre-eclampsia by using Magnesium sulphate10

Gestational diabetes10

Therapy for Gestational Diabetes10

Insulin10

Sulfonylureas11

Other Treatment Therapies11

Side Effects of Hypoglycemic Drugs11

Conclusion12

References13

Pre-eclampsia Risk for the Mother and Baby during Pregnancy

Introduction

Pre-eclampsia is amongst serious pregnancy complications which affects 5-7% pregnant women of the world (Sibai, 2005). Pre-eclampsia can be diagnosed by a condition of proteinuria and hypertension which is seen after 20 weeks of pregnancy. This condition can also be seen after 6 weeks of child delivery (Semenovakaya, 2010). Pre-eclampsia occurs in pregnant women without prior clinical hypertension (systolic blood pressure greater than 140mmHg and diastolic blood pressure grater than90 mmHg) along with increased levels of protein in urine. Pre-eclampsia posses' a great risk of death or injury to both fetus and mother. The common complications associated with pre-eclampsia include seizures, hemorrhage, stroke, placental abruption and low fetal birth weight. Pre-eclampsia is the most severe complication of pregnancy as there is no cure for this disease other than to deliver the fetus. A great amount of research is done on this condition but still no origin of cause can be found.

The major reason of pre-eclampsia is the damage seen in the systemic endothelial membrane. This damage results in increase activation of blood coagulation pathway due to which excess amount of thrombosis is seen in renal system and placenta. This dysfunction is seen in the renal system and placenta which cause pre-eclampsic pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is also known as toxemia of pregnancy or hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.

Pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia is amongst those diseases which have no definitive cause of its origin. This disease is usually associated with the severe complication of pregnancy. Pregnancy is a condition in which the normal body workings are altered. There is an increase seen in the levels of blood coagulation along with a decrease of almost 50 percent in venous blood flow velocity ( Marik, 2008). The most common clinical manifestations seen in pre-eclampsia include hypertension a protein uria. These clinical manifestations indicate that there are many internal alterations in the body system which has resulted in pre-eclampsia. Pre- eclampsia was considered as the most common cause of death in pregnant women in the year ...