PHYSIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES

Physiological Principles for Health and Social Care

Task 1

Outline The Main Anatomical Features Of The Human Body

The Integumentary System

Integumentary system consists of skin, and it provides a protective layer around the body of human beings. The largest organ is involved in integumneray system i.e., skin. This system protects the internal organs of the body from getting damaged and stops dehydration, stores the fats, and produces hormones and vitamins.

Cardiovascular System

A complex system consisting of blood, heart and blood vessels is the cardiovascular system. Heart is the central part of the cardiovascular system which is a four chambered organ whose purpose is to distribute blood among the arteries (Marieb, Mallatt & Wilhelm, 2008, pp.224). Cardiovascular system performs three functions:

Protection: body is protected by the cardiovascular system through WBCs. Cellular debris has been cleaned by the WBCs and these cells fight against pathogens that come inside the body.

Transportation: blood is transported to every tissue of the body by the help of the cardiovascular system. Blood even transports oxygen and some necessary nutrients and eliminates carbon dioxide and waste from the body. Hormones are delivered to all parts of the body by the liquid plasma of blood.

Regulation: cardiovascular system even maintains homeostasis. Blood vessels in this system help in sustaining a stable temperature of the body by controlling the flow of blood on the skin surface.

The Respiratory System

Respiratory system helps in supplying oxygen to blood and giving off carbon dioxide. Respiratory organs assist in carrying the air in and out of lungs.

The Muscular System

Bones give leverage and make the body's frame. Muscular system helps in body movement by relaxation and contraction of muscles. Functions of maintaining posture, motion and producing heat are performed when muscles are contracted.

The Skeletal System

The skeletal system consists of cartilages, bones and joint. All the bones in the skeleton are attached by the help of muscles, tendons and ligaments. Bones give support and protection as well for body organs. Bones even store minerals and helps in the producing blood cells. The role of the skeletal system is to protect and promote the body thus giving form and shape. Skeletal system is made up of connective tissues such as ligaments, bone, tendons and cartilage. Blood vessels deliver nutrients to this system. Blood cells are produced by skeletal system and this system even stores fats and minerals. Another function of the skeletal system is to give mobility. Muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones and joints work to give various movements.

The Urinary System

The urinary system helps to eliminate waste from the blood and maintain acid-base balance of body. Urinary system adjusts the volume, chemical composition and electrolyte balance of blood. The functions of the urinary system are as follows:

Removal of waste substances (uric acid and urea) from the body.

Regulating electrolyte balance (for instance, calcium, sodium and potassium)

Controlling the volume of blood and maintaining pressure of blood.

Regulation of acid-base homeostasis.

The Digestive System

Digestive system starts from the mouth and ends at elimination. Many organs are concerned with the digesting ...