PARTIES DIFFER FROM EACH OTHER

How and why do parties differ from each other?



How and why do parties differ from each other?

Introduction

France is a semi-presidential system, the Prime Minister is head of parliament and the President is head of state. Thus, the government is half presidential and half parliamentary. Together they share the executive power. The President is elected directly by the people and is not accountable for the parliament. The Prime Minister is not elected directly by the people but is named by the President. The political parties are key actors in representative democracies of the Europe. Their role is to socialize and to involve citizens in political life; to aggregate requests from society and developing programs on which they appear before the voters, to train and select elites. However, it appears that the first two functions are sometimes declining. The presidentialization institutions and the political and media give a party reduced to "stables" preparing candidates for the sole purpose of gaining power.

With the end of ideology, the constraints of globalization and the rise of electoral politics, voters are offered a choice of monochromatic visions of development of society; it is available and qualified according to partisan labels. Hence a certain nostalgia for a time when there was a debate between political worldviews. Conflicts of the past seem almost like a golden age of political debate: we forget that it was a confrontation between absolute rather than a constructive deliberation. This paper will discuss the nature of French politics and how and why they differ with each other.

Participatory democracy is supposed to bring a new legitimacy to political parties but it does not respond to requests for debate. Now they find another answer in the experiences of deliberative democracy, made in social movements. For it is the least amount of participation is at stake than its quality. So they organized parties of increasingly open forums for civil society. They point to the creation of chat rooms, but their influence in the process of project development is negligible. Deliberation allows the intellectual enrichment of activists; it is neither a decision-making process nor a process to prepare the decision.

Discussion

Historically the political parties have a recent attachment to democracy. At its inception, modern democracy had its first experiences without the presence of parties as we know them today. However, once the parties emerged and were consolidated, acquired an intimate connection with representative democracy, so much so that today it is inconceivable without the existence and operation of political parties.

Since two centuries, the main political parties are grouped into two camps: the left and right. Today, the left contains mainly the Socialist Party (SP), the Communist Party (CP) and the Greens. For its part, includes the right Union for a Presidential Majority (UPM) and the Union for French Democracy (UFD). It wields power as the president and the government is from the UMP.

The left parties regularly compete with each other but they share some great ideas in common: the protection of persons in ...