NURSING

Conceptual Models of Nursing



Abstract

This paper tends to decipher the different Nursing Conceptual Models in order to understand the relationship the between the nurse and the patient in the context of the Environment. Moreover, this paper also frames the mechanism for the foundation of a Nursing Conceptual Model.



Conceptual Models of Nursing

Introduction

Nursing as a profession has existed since the times of Florence Nightingale in the mid-nineteenth century, expressed the firm conviction that nursing required knowledge of different scales stretching from basic knowledge to medical Knowledge .However, the basic knowledge here tends to be regarded in the nursing context. Moreover the fact needs to be kept in mind that knowledge in the nursing perspective tends to apply to the perception of reality that is acquired by learning and research. However, the nursing practice although did exist from the mid-nineteenth century but it was with the advent of the 1950's when the nurses begin to develop conceptual models. These can be classified according to their primary focus. It tends to represent different views and explanations of the nature of the objectives and methods of nursing; they are based on different theories about the person.

However the conceptual model tends to be the symbolic representation of reality. The models are developed using concepts that have not yet progressed to a theory (Joyce & Ann, 2005). The model serves as a link in the development of a theory. Nursing models are thus representations of the reality of nursing practice and tends to highlight the perspective of the nurse in regard to the circumstances. Irrespective of model the nursing models tends to bring together the models according to their own criteria. Usually based on the role that nursing plays in delivering care. Nursing models tends to be based on Naturalistic models, Substitution models or Interaction models.

In these models the role of the nurse is to promote the adaptation of the individual in a changing environment, fostering interpersonal relationship either (nurse-patient) or the patient's relationships with their environment. However, in the context of this paper we intend to shed light on the five conceptual models in order to fulfill the requirements of the paper plus to develop a sound understating of the subject.

Discussion

Johnson Model of Nursing

Johnson's model considers the person as a behavioral system composed of a series which tends to be interdependent subsystems and integrated model based on psychology, sociology and ethnology. According to this nursing model the individual is considered as a series of parts which tends to be interdependent, functioning as an integrated whole. These ideas tend to extract from the spirit of the Systems Theory. Each subsystem behavior has structural requirements (goal, willingness to act, to become the center of action and behavior) and functional (protection from harmful influences, nutrition and stimulation) to enhance development and prevent stagnation. It moreover suggests that the individual tries to maintain a balanced system, but the environmental interaction can be a source of instability and cause health ...