Logical Fallacy

Logical Fallacy

Introduction

A fallacy, or logical fallacy argument to fool voluntarily, is an argument that seeks to appear as rigorous but which in reality is not valid in the sense of logic (even though its conclusion is true). In contrast to the fallacy that is an honest mistake in reasoning, the fallacy is fallacious: it is pronounced with the intent to mislead the audience so, for example, to gain advantage in a discussion (Damer, 2008). Following are some definitions that will further elaborate the concept of logical fallacy.

Mere assertion

A mere assertion is defined as a simple fact of declaring a truth makes it true. For example vote for jimmy he will save the country. This shirt is the best money can buy, or you are stupid. When a person is mere assertive means he is stating a truth with conviction and stepping off and behaving in passive aggressive continuum. This is a significant persuasive position since it helps in removing aggressive threat with demonstrating maturity, capitulation and apparent wisdom. Mere assertion is frequently called as an indirect appeal to authority in which it makes supposition that the individual making the assertion has position of unassailable formal authority or he is an expert.

Circular reasoning

The circular reasoning verifies the validity of an inductive syllogism through a deductive syllogism. This is a type of fallacy which consists in building a demonstration based on the conclusion. It is also a reasoning by which we can make more evident the truth of a deductive syllogism through one that is inductive or dialectical. It is also called by Aristotle reciprocal reasoning and show in a circle. It is often mistaken for begging with which it has nothing to do, that qualify as circular reasoning fallacy and sophistry is a mistake. Example: A man claims that paranormal phenomena exist because he has had experiences that can only be described as paranormal. That is, assuming it can only be described as paranormal obviously assumes the existence or sought to be justified. Circus jumpers have wires attached because it is impossible for them to jump fearlessly into the circus without carrying cables. These arguments are also used in the Socratic Method but aware of the premise and finding alleged false hypotheses.

Ad hominem

Ad hominem is a logical fallacy of responding to an argument or a statement referring to the person who makes, rather than the argument itself. An ad hominem ...