Law Enforcement System

Law Enforcement System

Introduction

The U.S. law enforcement system, like education is highly decentralized. In order to understand the exact hierarchy of the law enforcement system of United States, it can be viewed as "vertical" (not in the sense of subordination) in its most general form, the following picture will be obtained. At the bottom are Constables (constables) -where they exist, and (or) the sheriffs. They are responsible for maintaining order in local communities and counties. This is followed by municipal police, which carries out the bulk of law enforcement (Tamanaha, 2001). Thus, in the Police Department of New York (New York City Police Department) serves more than 36 thousand policemen, and it is the largest non-federal law enforcement agency of the country level, have helicopters, boats, submarine division, etc. However, this paper discusses the law enforcement system of United States and within the police department.

Discussion

Unlike most countries, the U.S. is not a single police department, therefore, there are no official dealer of the term "Police United States." Instead, each state , as well as every major city, and sometimes a smaller town has its own police department, independent from the others. Their own police departments can be assured with large transport companies. The police system in the U.S. occurred under the influence of democratic ideas of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 , and the principles of the Constitution of 1787. In the U.S. there are three levels of government: Federal, State, And Local, and state governments and local authorities initially enjoyed considerable autonomy (Carlson, 2002). With the beginning of the 20th century in the United States has developed the following system of the police:

Police organizations in the towns and villages.

Sheriffs and led by their agencies in the districts .

Formation of the state police.

The police organization of the federal government that were included in the Ministries of Justice, Post, Treasury, Interior, Defense, etc.

In the U.S., the first permanent police department was formed in 1845 in New York City ( Police Department City of New York ).

Structure of the Police

In the U.S. there are federal law enforcement agencies that investigate federal crimes ( FBI , Office of Drug Enforcement , federal marshals and others). But the main burden falls on the police states and cities. Head of the local police authority is Commissioner, Superintendent or chief of police , that is usually appointed mayor, the mayor or local legislative body, and sometimes chosen by popular vote. At the level of the district head of police department is usually called the " sheriff . " Marshalls is almost universally chosen for this position and have the right to appoint a replacement. The administration of the sheriff and the district is engaged in the content of the prison and courtroom security (Cotterrell, 2011).

Powers of the Police

U.S. law, police powers as defined by law, passed by the state or local government for the implementation of the legal regulation of civil interests, protect the safety, health, and all that concerns the citizens, as well as for preventive action in respect of criminal offenses, mass demonstrations and riots associated with the them. The exact terms of reference of the police is very difficult to determine because it ...