INTRODUCTION TO LEADERSHIP

Introduction to Leadership- Task 2



Introduction to Leadership- Task 2

Introduction

It is progressively more significant to develop behaviour that improves individual presentation, because speedy development of modern society has led institutions and firms to search for new structure and approach to attain efficient administration of its procedures. Planning and managing is one of the biggest and chief challenges to the employees posed by the development and adaptation of organizations. In order to continue to exist and especially evolve in this multifaceted and dynamic environment where there the economy is driven by competition, organization learning has become a fundamental course (Mann, 2008, p. 75). Planning is deciding about future decisions, either in the sense of defining what has to be decided or in the sense of deciding how to decide. This paper discusses alternative conceptions of work planning priorities, its place in social science theories, and some of the applications of planning in management.

Discussion

Planning is a very common activity. We plan courses of action so that we can achieve goals. However, it is important to distinguish between the concept of decision—the choice between different courses of actions whose consequences it is possible to forecast—and the notion of planning. The latter concept, in fact, encompasses several elements, namely, that

To reach the goal or purpose of the activity, the decision maker has to take into consideration a set (and possibly a sequence) of different decisions;

Usually there is the need to allocate scarce resources between different goals; and

Central to the notion of planning is the concept of prioritizing work, alternatively defined as the set of actions linked to the solution of a collective problem/work, a program of action, or a system of goals (Mintzberg, 1994).

Planning, then, can be defined as the attempt to secure the coherence of a set or a sequence of decisions in relation to a specific problem—that is, a prioritizing work. Therefore, even if we often find a plan or a program—that is, a document spelling out, in more or less detail, the content of the decisions to be taken and/or the procedures to adopt to this end—planning in itself cannot be identified with the decision to approve the said document; rather, it is a continuous activity, a process through which the future actions are organized and described.

All individuals face challenges in managing the responsibilities and opportunities of work and family life, and in finding their preferred balance or integration between work and family time. The degree to which individuals successfully manage these dual sets of opportunities and responsibilities affects the quality of employees' work lives and productivity, their own level of stress and well-being, and the quality of boss and subordinate relationships. The development and proliferation of communication and information technologies have contributed both challenges as well as solutions to managing work and family responsibilities (Chesley, 2006).

However, like the mythological phoenix, planning in its more top-down, synoptic, and comprehensive version is perpetually reborn from its ashes, as one can easily see in business studies, new public management discourse, and ...