INTERPRETING IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE

Repetition in Simultaneous Interpreting in Political Discourse

Acknowledgement

I would take this opening to thank my study supervisor, family and associates for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I, [……], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis comprise my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not before been submitted for academic written test in the direction of any qualification. Furthermore, it comprises my own attitudes and not inevitably those of the University.

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ABSTRACT

Research in discourse investigation has lost lightweight weight on the multifaceted occurrence of repetitions in discourse. Data analysis shows that the forms and functions that repetition takes differ within and across settings in both quantitative and qualitative ways. For example, other-repetition predominates in the classroom, whereas self-repetition is more prevalent in the other two settings. From a functional perspective, other-repetitions serve important semiotic functions in the conversations and in the interviews, but there is not evidence of this role in meaning-making processes in the classroom. We also discuss various alignments taken by the learner and the consequences these alignments may have on interaction on both ideational and interpersonal levels. We argue that, through repetitions, participants in interaction frame the way they position themselves in relation to what is said and done as well as in relation to other participants in the interaction. Finally, we discuss pedagogical implications of our findings and suggest ways to make the most of incorporating repetitions in language lessons.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Introduction7

Chapter Two: Interpreting9

Interpretation9

Interpreting9

Interpreting vs. translation9

Modalities of interpreting10

Simultaneous interpreting10

Consecutive interpreting11

Whispered interpreting11

Gestured interpreting11

Conference interpreting12

Escort interpreting12

Public Service interpreting12

Legal interpreting13

Medical interpreting13

Where interpreters work14

Interpretors14

Selecting an Interpreter15

Laypeople, Friends, and Adult Family Members16

Children and Adolescents as Interpreters17

Engaging the Services of an Interpreter18

Confidentiality19

Establishing Rapport19

After the Interpreting Session20

Terminating Service21

Interpretive Theory22

Interpreting Intersubjectivity24

Explaining Governance29

Critical Social Theory as Critical Hermeneutics33

Critical Hermeneutics as Articulated Paradigm36

The Methodological Core of Critical Interpretation39

Chapter Three: Repetition and Interpreting46

Repetition46

Repetition in English50

Repetition in Arabic52

Chapter Four: Data Analysis53

Repetition in Political Discourse53

Data Analysis56

Data56

Methodology56

Findings60

Linguistic level60

Repetition and power in the Lexicon60

Gemination60

Reduplication61

Intensity as a semantic constituent of a word/phrase62

Proverbs64

Analysis64

Repetition, emphasis and interaction65

Syntactic border repetition: parallelism and emphasis66

Discussion67

Chapter Five: deductions and recommendations79

References90

Repetition in Simultaneous Interpreting in Political Discourse

Chapter 1: Introduction

A large body of work in discourse analysis (especially Johnston, Repetition in Discourse) has shed light into the multifaceted and pervasive presence of repetitions in institutional and non-institutional discourse. From a formal point of view it has been argued, for example, that far from being trivial linguistic resources, repetitions contain features normally attributed to literary discourse. From a functional standpoint, it is now known that repetitions not only convey referential meanings, but also, and often simultaneously, play a central role in the establishment of relationships among interact ants (Heath; Kasper; Tannin 1989). In addition to these textual, ideational, and interpersonal meanings, repetitions are also a key strategy employed by speakers at an intrapersonal level, as they are a central feature in the very semiotic processes developed by speakers.

The goal of this paper is to add to this discussion by examining the repetitions in the discourse of a ...