INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATION PROGRAM

Individualized Education Program for Visual and Hearing Impairments

Individualized Education Program for Visual and Hearing Impairments

Hearing Impairment

There are many gradations between the normal hearing and the complete hearing loss, deafness. We distinguish between the peripheral permanent hearing in the auditory organ (external ear, middle ear and inner ear) and central to their cause lies in the brain.

Hearing loss can result from birth defects or early childhood toxic or infectious damage at a young age. In later life causes injuries, e.g. blast trauma, abnormal noise disturbances, circulatory disorders and aging processes in the foreground.

Hearing impaired people are limited in their acoustic perception and experience that the communication is disturbed by their environment to a considerable extent. Where the hearing impairment was not accompanied by an imbalance, there is no direct restriction of movement. For the design of barrier-free living environment for hearing-impaired people, there is still something to be observed:

Audible signals should be replaced by optical, e.g. a flashing light on the phone, the intercom systems in and outside of the house, the door bell or kitchen appliances. An alarm clock can be connected to an optical system. Then, for example, goes to the flat lighting or the TV when it's time to get up.

The living area can be equipped with additional electrical auxiliary centers, such as an inductive enhancement of television, radio, etc. Also, a telephone amplifier or a text phone offer by inductive fixed installation itself.

Unmatched acoustic conditions contribute to improving the intelligibility of noise and sounds like a sound reduction that prevents the noise from outside. For easier reading of lips can light the rooms should not be illuminated and dazzling shade.

Causes of Hearing Disability

Some authors provide a broad classification of the causes of deafness:

Infectious diseases- The prenatal rubella can cause visual loss, mental retardation and heart problems. Deafness is similar feature different degrees bilateral or different in one ear or the other. Measles, meningitis and mumps can cause hearing loss after birth.

Trauma- considered mechanical injuries and prenatal anoxia (brain injury caused by head trauma at the time of delivery).

Problems of fetal development- deafness here will include those caused by problems in development during the prenatal period, such as incomplete development of the external pinna.

Metabolic Causes- are inherited conditions associated with mental retardation, these may include hearing loss.

Causes- toxic drugs or medication provided to mothers during pregnancy

Acoustic Pollution- "I mean excessive noise can also affect hearing.

Visual impairment

A direct restriction of movement, in the case of visual impairment not available, but they restrict considerably and may even lead to a loss of visual perception. A distinction is the limited vision, visual loss, blindness, and the restricted field of view, as the tube field, the color anomaly, like red-green color blindness, the twilight, and night blindness.

The causes of visual impairment are manifold: on one hand caused by diseases of the eyes (peripheral), the other part of the brain (central).

Central causes are usually vascular, injuries or ...