ILICIT DRUG USE AND PERCEVEID TREATMENT NEEDS WITHIN CUSTODIAL SETTING IN ENGLAND AND WALES

Acknowledgement

I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

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ABSTRACT

This study describes the drug use and need of its treatment in prisons of the England and Wales. The study covers very large area and based on the critcal analysis of the existing literature and researches. This study is to assist in determining the appropriate treatment plan for the prisoners with drug use, health and social factors. This study is conducted on large population scale that is national level and its subjects are provided through randomised sampling which is likely to yield rational and reliable results. Studying the treatment of drug addicts and different programs, where they tried to help, it was observed that where addiction treatment was carried out without drugs, in these centres were the highest.

Contents

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

1.1 Background of the Research1

1.2 Problem Statement1

1.3 Aims of the Review2

1.4 Research Question2

1.5 Rationale of the Study2

1.6 Significance2

1.7 Limitation of the Study3

1.8 Ethical Concern3

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW5

2.1 Consumption of Drug in Prison5

2.2 Risky Behaviour6

2.3 Penalties for Consumption / Possession of Drugs6

2.4 Treatment of Drug Addiction7

2.5 Addiction Treatment and History12

2.6 Effectiveness of Drug Treatment13

2.7 Summaries of Articles13

2.8 Aim of the Previous Researches14

2.9 Methods14

2.10 Findings of the Studies14

2.11 Comparison of consumption drugs in England and Wales prisons19

2.12 Characteristics of Consumers19

2.13 Program Drug Treatment20

2.14 Results20

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY22

3.1 Methodological Approach22

3.2 Strengths and Weaknesses23

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION24

Limitations of the Articles Studied32

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION34

5.1 Recommendations37

APPENDIX45

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research

Prisons in England and Wales offer a variety of drug interventions. Counselling, Assessment, Referral, Advice and through Care (CARAT) services are obtainable in all prisons of England and Wales, and reviews prisoners for drug associated needs and refer to suitable drug services and suggest individual therapy and teamwork. Drug rehabilitation services are also provided in prisons of England and Wales. Community and clinical populations have observed a strong relationship between the usage of drug, principally heroin and cocaine, and aberrant behaviour.

Treatment with the drug addicts who interventional therapy before more deep-rooted history of drug problems, but also involved criminal liability. This may explain this finding; treatment is the treatment of detainees in the past need to predict. To increase treatment participation may be used in assessing the incentive technology, rather than relying on self-referral. Further research is needed to assess how short the work incentives of prisoners in England and Wales may be the background. It was also commented that the drug problem among prisoners is a wider social exclusion and vulnerability indicators and a range of interventions, we must solve this ...