Hybrid System

Summary

Hybrid systems are dynamical systems involving explicitly and simultaneously phenomena or models of continuous dynamic type events. These systems are typically composed of continuous processes interacting with or supervised by discrete processes. They also result from the hierarchical organization of control / command complex, or the interaction of discrete planning algorithms and continuous control algorithms. This type of dynamic systems including state variables and continuous and discrete coupled simultaneously in both continuous and discrete time. Researchers in controlling such systems are closest to its description in control systems typically used in the industry due to use, for example, PLCs. In this research paper, hybrid system model is developed and analyzed for renewable energy. The hybrid systems with base in the renewable energy are modeled in this research paper to compare many different design options based on their Technical and Economic Merits. The data processing was also analyzed using the computer model, HOMER. The departure Were elements: the electric demand of the desalination plant, the technical specifications of the equipment, as well as the potentials of solar radiation and the speeds of wind of the analyzed region which is hypothetical.

Table of Contents

Summary2

Introduction4

Discussion4

Hybrid Systems4

Models of Hybrid Systems5

Control Theoretic Concepts6

Supervisory Control of Hybrid Systems7

Stability and Design of Hybrid Systems8

Renewable energy9

Example of Hybrid System for generating power with renewable energy12

Software used for modeling and implementing hybrid model13

Input Variables13

Photovoltaic systems14

Wind system15

Batteries15

Converter16

Electrical generator16

System for optimal hybrid energy supply to a desalination plant of 50 m 3 / day capacity16

Optimal hybrid desalination systems of different capacities17

Analysis19

Conclusion20

Introduction

In general meanings, hybrid system is a heterogeneous system in composition and nature. The term hybrid systems represents systems that has behavior defined and explained by the processes aor entities of distinct characteristics offered by that system. In this research paper, the term used “hybrid” refers and explains the compositions or combinations of discrete and continuous parts. These systems typically contain variables or taking signal values ??continuously and discrete variables that take values ??within a finite set of possibilities (Bartel, 1997). In this research paper we are going to assess the hybrid systems and also try to understand the methods to control and stabilize such systems. In addition with this an example of hybrid power generation system is also include that uses renewable energy techniques.

Discussion

Hybrid Systems

The term "hybrid" is used to define a class of systems with entities defined behaviors or processes of different characteristics. There are many reasons for using models hybrids to represent the behavior such dynamic systems. One reason is significant complexity reduction model in order, for example, instead of having to represent the dynamic relationships from a set of differential equations linear higher order can be represented the same system by a set of simple equations. Thus obtaining simple models by switching between logistics these models, usually graph theory. This is the most common theory in physical modeling phenomena (Bhatikar, 1999). In control, the switching between simple dynamic systems has been used in the practice for many decades. Recent research and efforts for hybrid systems typically focus on the analysis of dynamic behavior and ...