Health Promotion & Disease Prevention

Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Diabetes Prevention

Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile) is characterized by insufficient production of insulin and requires daily administration of the latter. The cause of type 1 diabetes is not known, and the current state of knowledge, it is not avoidable: The symptoms are: excessive excretion of urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes and fatigue. These symptoms may appear suddenly(Eisenbarth, 2004).

Insulin treatment is a life-saving hormone replacement therapy, in which Type 1 diabetes mellitus indicated mandatory and maintain life is. You replaced with its various forms, the lost / impaired Insulin the patient. The required insulin action is the product the currently available amount of insulin (units) and the insulin sensitivity of Tissue(Metcalf, 2008). The vote of insulin requirements and insulin sensitivity in Healthy by the pancreatic beta cells of the continuous measurement of Blood glucose concentration guaranteed. The success of insulin therapy is dependent on the knowledge of the patient via the Relationships between insulin requirement (secretion) and food intake, his Ability to implement imparted knowledge into daily practice therapeutiche, as well as of the health care system through the provided support.

The individual insulin requirement in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is derived from absolute insulin deficiency of insulin secretion from the physiological. This is both in the fasting state (basal, basal insulin needs about 1.0 e / h) and after Food supply discontinuous (pulsatile). The prandial insulin release amounts of healthy carbohydrates for approximately 1.5 U / 10 g [Waldhäusl et al., 1979, Level IIa] and is negligible and much lower in the daily practice of other food components (protein, fat). The basal insulin delivery (40 - 50% of the RDA) is crucial for maintaining a normal metabolism in the fasted state(Rubin, ...