FORMS OF LEARNING

Forms of Learning

Forms of Learning

Introduction

The main purpose of this paper is to determine the main forms of learning i.e. classical and operant conditioning. Human learning is defined as relatively stable change in the behaviour of an individual as a result of experience. This change occurred after the establishment of associations between stimuli and responses. This capability is not unique to the human species, although in humans learning it was established as a factor that exceeds the common ability of these evolutionary branches. With the development of learning, humans have achieved a certain independence of their ecological context and can even modify it according to your needs.

Discussion

The concept of learning is related to operations of the acquisition of behaviour and experience, and changes therein. The results of the learning process appear in all patterns of behaviour and human activity, intellectual, motor, social, emotional, linguistic, to accumulate experiences, and knowledge is passed from one generation to another through the processes of socialization and interaction with the physical world (Alonso, 2002a, p. 23). Learning is the process of acquiring the tools to help satisfy the motives and goals, which often take a picture to solve problems. There are two main types of learning i.e. classical and operant conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

Classical conditioning (also called conditioning respondent) was introduced by I. Pavlov. It comes from the association between stimuli (that is to say, the phenomena from the environment that will stimulate the body) and the automatic reactions of the body (this is important). For Pavlov, the set of complex behaviours could be reduced to chains of conditioned behaviour (Yenilmez, 2007, p. 156).

Classical conditioning is done at the reflexive level. Neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus, to elicit the unconditioned response. The neutral stimulus is now the conditioned stimulus, and the unconditioned response is now the conditioned response.

Classical conditioning (also called conditioning respondent) is a concept of behaviourism proposed by Ivan Pavlov in the early twentieth century. This theory focuses on learning outcomes due to the association between environmental stimuli and the automatic reactions of the organism. This notion of involuntary reaction is the main point that differentiates the operant conditioning. Following the studies of Pavlov, John Watson was also interested in this package. He believed that all complex behaviours were chains of conditioned behaviour (Pashler, 2008, p. 105). Learning through classical conditioning is the basis for many phobias. The classical conditioning or respondent behaviour was discovered by Pavlov and developed by behaviourists, especially Watson.

In classical conditioning, association or pairing of an unconditioned stimulus with a neutral stimulus subsequently causes the subject to respond to the neutral stimulus with the response issued to the unconditioned stimulus. Generally learned responses are glandular or smooth muscle fiber and the subject of living as unintentional.

Classical conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus is associated with an unconditioned stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus automatically triggers a positive response: the unconditional response. Then, with a regular and frequent a neutral stimulus in the presence of an unconditioned stimulus usually unconscious ...