The juvenile justice system is the result of a long process of maturation of civic consciousness, which, in turn, has been recognizing the special status of the child. As a result, of this outrageous policy has attempted to build a differentiated system of criminal law tends to protect children's rights, first and foremost the right to education. Over the centuries, the social function of punishment and, in particular, the arrangements for implementing the penalty system, have been the subject of numerous studies by the science of criminal law.