Emotional & Spiritual Intelligences

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Introduction2

Discussion2

Multiple Intelligences2

Emotional Intelligence3

Spiritual Intelligence4

Model of Four Intelligences5

Intelligences at Workplace6

Organizational Citizenship Behavior7

Benefits to Organization8

Conclusion10

References12

Emotional & Spiritual Intelligences

Introduction

Business leadership is not only about inspiring the employees and bringing profitability to the organization. It is also about understanding the employees which can make a major difference in the outcomes of the business performance. Therefore it is of key important for leaders to understand the multiple intelligences possessed by their employees. The purpose of this report is to define the key intelligences that are developed with the passage of time in an individual. It explores in detail the definition and significance of emotional and spiritual intelligences. At the similar time, the report aims to discuss the benefits that an organization and its leadership can gain from enhancement of human intelligences.

Discussion

Multiple Intelligences

The concept of multiple intelligences emerged first in 1983 when Howard Gardner used the term in the book Frames of Mind. The seven types of intelligences identified by Gardner are:

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Linguistic

Musical

Spatial

Kinesthetic

Logical

The interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences are classified as the emotional intelligence (The Star, 2009).

Emotional Intelligence

The term emotional intelligence was first published in 1995 in a book by Daniel Goleman. The author critically reviewed the research that was conducted at Bell Labs. The research was done on star performers and results were published in 1993 in the Harvard Business Review. Goleman compared their performance with average performers and found that there exist a strong relationship with the relationship making and network formation (Wright, 2008). The star performers had stronger relationship skills and they had bigger personal networks as compared to the star performers. These skills of relationships and network formation are a part of emotional intelligence which is collection of many skills. Goleman grouped these skills in four categories.

Self awareness

It includes the skills of having emotional awareness as well as ability to self assess with accuracy. Self awareness also includes building self confidence.

Other awareness

Other forms of awareness are also part of this intelligence. These are developing compassion, orientation towards services and awareness towards the organization.

Self management

The skills that fall in this category include developing the ability to trust and be honest. It also includes gaining self control and being optimistic. The orientation towards achievement, transparency and adaptability are also forms of self management skills (The Star, 2009).

Relationship Making Skills

It includes developing sound and strong relations with others such that creating influence on others. it also includes becoming a change catalyst and a source of conflict management through an inspiring leadership. Teamwork and collaboration skills also fall in this category.

Genos EI which was previously known as the Swinburne University Emotional Intelligence Unit has developed five key areas of emotional competencies. These can be easily applied to the situation at workplace. The key competencies are:

Recognizing emotions and expression

Level of understating the emotions of other people

Direct cognition of emotions

Managing the emotions and thoughts

Controlling the emotions and thoughts (Palmer & Stough, 2001)

Spiritual Intelligence

Spiritual intelligence can be defined as the ability to behave with Compassion and Wisdom while maintaining inner and outer peace (equanimity) regardless of the circumstances ...