CRIMINOLOGY

Classicist and Positivist Criminology

Classicist and Positivist Criminology

Introduction

The term criminology is the disciplinary study of the control, nature, causes and extent of the criminal actions in the society as well as in the individuals. Criminology was derived from the Latin word crime which meant “accusation”. The study of criminology has an interdisciplinary ground in the field of behavioural sciences, especially when it comes upon the investigation of the sociologists emphasizing on the sociology of deviance, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social judgment of human behaviour. The area which comes under the criminology includes the consequences, causes, incidence and forms of the crime. It also takes under the government and social reactions and regulations upon the crime. To study the causes and distribution of the crime, criminology mostly relies on the usage of quantitative methods.

The term criminology was given by an Italian professor Raffaele Garofalo in the year 1885. In the same era of time the French anthropologists' started used the analog us word criminology. Criminology is actually a social science concerning the study of crimes. The study of criminology analyzes the illegal human actions and also seeks remedy to help prevent these illegal acts from occurring in the future. It studies the impact of crime on the society as well as on the individuals living in the society. In addition criminology also looks into the factors such as ethnicity, race, socio economic and education class that influence the criminal incidents. Criminology is a vast field as addressing the achievement rates of the various law enforcement techniques. Evaluations of how will the individuals respond to a specific type of offense, including the complete effect of the crime on the culture of the society is also in entertained by the field of criminology (Ellis & Walsh, 121-125). In actual the criminology science has a high level importance. It has its importance in theoretical and practical sense both. The theoretical importance of criminology is the fact that it openly scrutinize and concludes the cause which led to communal disintegration. The applied aspect or physical importance lies in the fact that the feature of this particular science is this that besides concluding and analyzing the various reasons which caused social disturbance, it also evaluates the means and ways through which these acts can be prevented or stopped.

In short it means to look after the remedial procedures. The range of criminology is very wide and huge. It investigates the disturbances and the social misdeeds in almost every aspect. Criminology is mostly referred to a state in which a normal human being loses his mental power and because of this reason he is provoked to commit a crime. In such a situation the outer and inner reasons are responsible for the reason that a normal human being loses his mental control. In today's era criminology is now chosen as a study under which all the significant factors of the crime are studied. Criminology is now a social occurrence to basically recognize the psychology behind committing any ...