Criminal and Social Justice

Criminal and Social Justice

Introduction

A criminal justice administration and organization is fair, sincere, and effectual system. It is one of the most significant institutions of America. Criminal Justice Administration is the organization that is performing and controlling the criminal laws and justice system. It is the institution of governments that directs social control, mitigating and deterring crime, or sanctioning those who infringe laws (Welch, 1999). It imposes criminal penalties and rehabilitation.

The criminal justice organization of United Sates has three main components: The courts, the correctional system, and the police. These components simultaneously play independent part as well as the integrated and interrelated system. The justice system and administration are extremely interactive in dividing power among the court, the correctional system, police, and juvenile justice agency.

The organization administrates all levels of government. There are three levels of government local, state, and federal. There are law enforcement agencies that are under Federal government (Champion, 1998). It includes Drug enforcement agency, secret service agency, and the most famous FBI federal investigation bureau. The federal government has its own Court system that takes legal actions against violation of federal laws. It investigates federal crime and its system (Garrett, 2009).

The local and state governments have similar operations like the federal government. Each locality and states has its own laws. This impact the justice and administrations within its area. The criminal justice system exists in local and state government. The state police and highway patrol enforce laws in towns, villages, and cities. Serious offences are prosecuted in state courts, while local courts handle minor offence. Local jails, prisons and detentions centers are provided to the State by the government.

Discussion

History of Criminal Justice

The criminal justice organization is appeared from history and tradition of British common law. It is part of American legal system. It started in seventeenth and eighteenth century and embedded in the court of law. The most significant figure in city court was personal residents and the justice of peace to whom people brought their problems and complaint. Even watchmen provide security at night their job was provisional and most of the time unpaid. These watchmen were usually the elder citizens (Welch, 1999). They were not legal authority when there are some serious offend people called out the militia. The organizations that controlled contemporary criminal justice developed gradually over seventeen and eighteen century. These organizations introduce the relationship of crime and society (Fridell, 2000).

There were two essential changes in Americans. First, they introduced great scholar movement that converted Western reflection at the beginning of the modern era. It encouraged citizens to believe that rigorous human strokes could overcome social issues (Tonry, 1999 ). The new ides were generated in criminal justice it was the appearance of the rehabilitative ideal and the increase of incarceration as a substitute to public physical sentence.

Another change was perceiving crime as a communal issue. In the mid nineteenth century, antebellum city rapidly changed due to the results of social conflict ...