CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Criminal Justice



Table of Contents

Introduction3

The Social and Pshychological Aspect3

The Legal and Ethical Aspect3

Crime Scene Investigation Techniques5

Methods during the investigation of crime scene5

Photographic evidence6

Search for more evidences6

Fingerprints7

The witnesses and spectators7

Private investigation7

Collection, Preservation and Presentation of Evidence8

Criminal Evidence8

Form of Evidence9

Confession10

Types of evidences10

Testimonial10

Search and seizure11

The fifth amendment of Bill of Rights and Social Justice11

Issues Related to Correctional Institutions, Incarceration, And Release12

Incarceration12

The Social and Emotional Issues12

Financial Difficulties13

Correctional Institutions13

Release14

Criminal and social justice theories in relation to the United States Constitution15

The Architecture of Social Justice Theories15

Utilitarianism16

The Diversity of Contemporary Theories17

Deontological Theories17

Communitarians18

Socio-Economic (Cultural) Diversity to Contemporary Criminal and Social Justice19

The United Sates Legal Counsel and Social Justice19

Agency Act of 200220

The International Aspects Of Criminal And Social Justice21

Conclusion21

References22

Criminal Justice

Introduction

Crime refers to a set of acts that are carried out against the laws which are typically implemented and generally accepted by the entire society overall. Crime can also be defined as 'the conduct of a person or persons who do not meet the requirements of the given society and violate the laws of that particular society'. As a result, the crime may differ depending on criminal code of each country. A criminal who commits a crime on several occasions can be regarded an reclusive person, since his or her actions undermine the normal functioning of the society, endangering a different nature to its members. Crime is a unique human behavior, however, it is not a spontaneous phenomenon; there are always factors that cause or trigger crime. Criminal aggravation can be considered as the expression of a serious and complicated social unrest which has an infallible impact on criminal law. Crimes are carried out in every country of the world and throughout the history. It is not observed in other organisms, in which aggression is limited and prevails only to feed and protect the species and territory. This paper evaluates the study of crime and how it operates and how the criminal justice system helps to eliminate it (Bateman, 2007).

The Social and Pshychological Aspect

Criminal behavior is defined as a conscious behavior which takes place due to certain external factors such as separation of parents, psychological imbalances, and poor economic conditions etc. Causes of crime are important to be considered in order to know the role of socio-psychological mechanism of strange behavior. Under such mechanisms, the sequence of behavior is understood. This process is complex such that it affects the totality of qualities and personality traits, which are manifested in the interaction with the environment. In the motivation of criminal behavior, it is a serious place which is the need of an individual. Needs are based on social and psychological categories. They are formed in the process of socialization, i.e. in the course of its life, through communication with other people and through other channels which are under the influence of factors of the social environment. It is also done with the natural organization of individuals (Hakkanen, 2004).

The Legal and Ethical Aspect

A criminal justice system consists of the social and legal institutions that enforce the criminal law in confirmation to the ...