COMPARISION OF BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI AND MARCEL MAUSS

Comparision of Bronislaw Malinowski and Marcel Mauss



Bronislaw Malinowski

Bronislaw Malinowski was born in Krakow, Poland, on April 7, 1884. Doctorate in philosophy, physics and mathematics at the University of Krakow and in 1913 began his career as a professor at the London School of Economics, a doctorate in science in 1916. It was there that he met the play "The Golden Bough" by Sir James Frazer and started his concern for anthropology. Malinowski is the founder of the anthropology known as functionalism, based on the idea that each of the components and social institutions are interrelated within a system where everyone has a role. As an example which is highlight the features of beliefs, institutions, religions, rituals and taboos about sex. Moreover, Malinowski is considered one of the first anthropologists who "went" to its collection of data by studying societies in their own place of origin. The first fieldwork Malinowski y1918 develops between 1915, when he studied the Trobriand Islanders of New Guinea in the South Pacific. Used a comprehensive approach that integrated all social interactions within which we must mention the exchange system of Kula ring, which includes such aspects of magic, religious, social and commercial. Here was established the basis of an international study of culture through their observations of kinship, making connections and comparisons with psychological approaches of the time, and showing that aspects such as the so-called Oedipus Complex, Sigmund Freud defined mainly dependent contexts certain cultural. Malinowski held various positions within academia. Notably its position at the University of London in 1924 where he headed the Chair of Anthropology from 1927. He later moved to Cornell University in 1933 and three years later at Harvard University, where he received an honorary doctorate degree. Besides the mentioned field work, it is important to mention several important studies in different African tribal societies, which took place alongside Radcliffe Brown, during 1934, as well as those in the valley of Oaxaca, Mexico during 1941-42. The influence of the writings of Malinowski is very broad, as befits a personality and a life truly worried. Was able to speak multiple languages, including Polish, Russian, German, French, and English, Italian and Spanish and many languages?of each of the tribes he studied. He died on May 14, 1942, in New Haven (Connecticut, USA).

Magic, Science and Religion (1948)

The Dynamics of Cultural Change (1961) "The ultimate goal ...