Classroom Observation

Classroom Observation

Current research on classroom interaction has begun to investigate unobservable aspects of classroom interaction. Observable interaction could be affected by a number of factors, e.g. individual learning styles: while some learn better by actively participating, others learn better by listening and internalising the input. Another factor is learners' psychological state: Horwitz et al. (1991) observe that learning a foreign language is a psychologically unsettling process, threatening learners' self-esteem as a competent communicator. To cope with this anxiety, many learners adopt the avoidance strategy of being reticent. In a study of over 400 secondary school learners in Hong ...