Body Systems

Digestive System

Digestive system provides the digestion and assimilation of food and drink, performs functions that is nutritious. It is a set of processes that allow the breakdown of food substances introduced into conveyable from the blood and used by the cells in different tissues (Heresbach, et al., 2009).

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity is bounded by the dental arches; palate that separates the nasal cavity, the floor of the mouth. An important role is played by the teeth (Schwartzstein & Parker, 2006).

Pharynx

It is an organ which has muscular walls that facilitate the progression of the food bolus.It is coated similar to the oral mucosa (Plowman & Smith, 2007).

Oesophagus

It is the continuation of the digestive canal, after the pharynx. It is a tubular organ that runs the mediastinum behind the trachea and in front of the aorta, and, after passing through the diaphragm, it flows into the stomach (Clark, 2005).

Stomach

It is the first tract of intestine abdominal. It has a typical shape of a bag, with a large curvature convex to the left, and a small curvature concave to the right. It consists of a base, which follows the pyloric sphincter (Scott & Fong, 2003).

Duodenum

The duodenum is located behind the peritoneum. Its lining mucosa shows a new character: it is equipped with thin protrusions, called villi. The villi are common to the whole small intestine. There is the papilla of Vater, which derives from the confluence of the common bile duct with the pancreatic duct of Wirsung, through which the chyme that has undergone the action of gastric juice, enter into contact with the bile and with juices pancreatic (Scott & Fong, 2003).

Small Intestine

The small intestine is also known as mesenteric intestine. It is connected to the rear wall of the abdomen by a plication serosa of the same, the mesentery. The intestinal villi are protrusions of the mucosa (Clark, 2005).

Large Intestine

The first part of the large intestine is the colon, divided into four regions, where the small intestine ends, fitting squarely in the initial part of the ascending colon. The outer surface of the colon shows three formations tape (Plowman & Smith, 2007).

Rectum

It is the last part of the digestive tract forming the internal sphincter or involuntary, while the orifice skin outside the anus, there are striated muscle fibres that make up the voluntary external sphincter. In the upper reaches the lining of the rectum shows transverse folds in the lower instead they are vertical and attached at the bottom to form the rectal sinuses (Clark, 2005).

Liver

The liver is the largest gland in the whole organism, and can be considered the main laboratory of the body's metabolism. The liver is divided into a right lobe and a left lobe from the groove anteroposterior visible on the upper face of the organ (Scott & Fong, 2003).

Pancreas

The pancreas is located in retroperitoneal position and is separated from the stomach, which stands in front, from the virtual cavity. Pancreatic secretions are poured in the intestine ...