Biomedical Science and It Is Microbiology

Biomedical Science and It Is Microbiology

Temperature is an important factor that has an impact on the survival and growth of bacteria. Bacterial cells are directly affected by the temperature of the surrounding environment. In multi-cellular organization, there is a complex organization that allows these organisms to deal with fluctuations in the temperature. The complex mechanisms present in bacteria enable them to deal with temperature fluctuations (Sun, Nan Liu, Zhang, & Zhang, 1997). In order to determine the reaction of bacteria towards varying degrees of temperature, an experiment was conducted. The findings of the experiment demonstrated that bacteria grow and survive at different ranges of temperature.

The ranges of temperature are known as cardinal temperature. These temperature ranges consist of minimum, maximum, and optimum. The optimum temperature is one where the growth of bacteria is rapid. The temperature levels below the minimum and above maximum do not encourage the growth of bacteria. Therefore, when bacteria are exposed to these temperature levels, no growth occurs. When temperature is higher than the optimal temperature the rate of growth is decreased. According to the experiment, Escherichia Coli was placed at the optimal temperature that was between 37 degrees to 45 degrees Celsius. Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria were exposed to 25°C while Enterococcus faecalis was exposed to 37°C.

The three classes of bacteria used in this experiment are classified as mesophiles. Enterococcus bacteria are present in the human body. This class of bacteria is present in the gastrointestinal track of human beings as well as in the genital track of female. E Coli bacteria are also found in the lower intestine. The optimum temperature of human body is 37°C. This body temperature serves as a perfect host for the growth of bacteria (Schumann, 2009. Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria are present in water, plants, and soil. The temperature rang favourable for the growth of this category of bacteria is between 10 to 42 degrees Celsius. This class of bacteria is known as mesophile.

Mesophile bacteria have the ability to survive outside the temperature range. It is because this class of bacteria has the ability to form endospores. Some of the Gram positive bacterial can develop resistant structures that allow them to survive during stress. This capability of bacteria also allows them to survive in an increased temperature. An endospore can be defined as a dormant cell that consists of wrapping of DNA. In these classes of bacteria, DNA is wrapped in proteins which are heat resistant. These bacteria are capable of performing metabolic activities that help them to wait for favourable conditions. Bacillus stearothermophilus is another class of bacteria. This class of bacteria required 60-65° C temperature for growth and survival.

In the second part of the experiment, the survival ability of bacteria was checked at different temperature. The data collected during the experiment did not support values that were known. However, it was found that both Bacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus subtilis have the ability to produce endospores. It allows them to survive at different temperatures ...