Bioethics

Introduction

Natural selection is the basis of all evolutionary change. It is the process through which, the organisms best adapted displace less adapted by slow accumulation of favorable genetic changes in the population over generations. When natural selection operates on an extremely large number of generations, it can lead to the formation of new species. The character on which natural selection acts biological effectiveness is measured as the contribution of an individual to the next generation of the population. The biological efficacy is a quantitative trait that encompasses many related to:the survival of the fittest and differential reproduction of different genotypes or alleles. The fittest individuals are more likely to survive to reproductive age. Natural selection can be defined as a gradual process of alterations in the biological traits with non random probability. However, the changes in the organic traits are more or less common as a differential reproduction function of the bearers in a population that reflects the crux of the evolutionary theory of the Charles Darwin. The intention of the Darwin was to compare the natural process with the artificial process that is included in the contemporary concept of selective breeding.

Discussion

Within a population there are a number of different genotypes. This variability is random, by mutation and genetic recombination. Mutations are random changes that occur in the genetic makeup of an individual. Originating from chromosomes, so that can be transmitted to offspring during playback. Generally it consist of a gene that undergoes some modification. Thereby forming another different gene. Some mutations are harmful, so that natural selection will remove them. Others, however, by chance, may provide some advantage to its carriers. In this case, individuals with this mutation will leave more offspring than others. Genetic combinations worse adapted to the environment are eliminated, while the best adapted will be more abundant, because their carriers will play more efficiently transmit them to their offspring and increase their proportion in the population. Keep in mind that the environment is changing and natural selection does not always act the same way. Therefore, it is understood that natural selection is made to vary the proportions of the genes of stocks, and the stocks are evolving. Although natural selection exerts its effects on individuals, what evolves is the population as a whole to change its genetic makeup. Genetic changes occur slowly but continuously, and its effects are visible after long periods of time (Pruitt et.al, 2006).

Since the human race have the ability to explore and understand the environment, not to predict the consequences of its actions and to distinguish between right and wrong; since mankind developed a powerful tool yet unknown in the living species on the planet. Through progress we have learnt how to control the elements and changed the environment beyond recognition. These are the effects of interfering with the natural selection in humans. It has changed the value systems of religious, legal and moral and given rights to a weak, sick, disabled, crippled and elderly people. It requires intervening in people's lives ...