Behavioral Risk Factor

Abstract

This study is aimed to explore smoking as one of the behavioral risk factors listed in Healthy Population 2010 Objectives. It is analyzed that how smoking affects community. Using the Population-Based Intervention Model, one intervention is suggested that could be put into place at each stage (downstream, midstream, and upstream) to ensure that a health prevention program addressing the behavioral risk factor would have a greater chance at succeeding. It is also tried to justify why each identified intervention would be effective for the community.

Table of Contents

Introduction4

Body: Discussion and Analysis5

Population Based Intervention Model6

Downstream interventions6

Midstream interventions7

Upstream interventions7

Conclusion9

References10

Addressing Behavioral Risk Factors

Introduction

Smoking is one of the key behavioral risk factor, listed in the Healthy Population 2010 Objectives. Smoking is just like addiction and addiction is a curse. In the United States, the leading cause of preventable death is cigarette smoking, that comes to cause around 443,000 fatalities, or of every 5 deaths, 1 death is caused by smoking in the United States each year. In the United States, an estimated 45.3 million people smoke cigarettes that comprises 19.3% of all adults (of age18 years or older). Among men, cigarette smoking is more common i.e. around 21.5% as compared to women i.e.17.3%.

There is a dose-response association exist among smoking and lung cancer, and the possibility for lung cancer amplifies with duration of smoking, quantity of smoked cigarettes, age at beginning of smoking, unfiltered cigarettes' usage, content of tar and nicotine, and extent of intake. The conference held under the auspices of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, on the issue of smoking, concluded that 70-95% of cases of lung cancer are diagnosed among smokers, who have on average 10 times higher risk than non-smokers (Henschke et al 2002).The relative risk of lung cancer associated with smoking, increases and depends on the number of cigarettes smoked per day. However, the duration of smoking, is a more important factor than the number of cigarettes smoked daily.

This paper is intended to the use of the Population-Based Intervention Model and how this model can be applied to strengthen advocacy programs.

Body: Discussion and Analysis

A link is consistently demonstrated by research between smoking and adverse health outcomes including different cancers, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and poor reproductive health. Disease and premature death are also contributed among both children and adults because of exposure to second-hand smoke.

Out of every five Tarrant County residents, almost one was classified as current ...