Advantages of global over regional approaches to peacekeeping operations: Peacekeeping during the Georgian Conflict

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I, (Your name), would like to declare that all contents included in this thesis/dissertation stand for my individual work without any aid, & this thesis/dissertation has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level previously. It is also representing my very own views & not essentially which are associated with university.

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Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the Study1

Significance of the Study3

Aims and Objectives3

Research Question4

CHAPTER 02: LITERATURE REVIEW5

The Classical View of Peace Keeping5

The Realistic View of Peace Keeping9

Liberal Perspectives on Peacekeeping15

Developing Countries' Peacekeeping and Liberalism19

Constructivist Perspectives and Peacekeeping22

Developing Countries' Peacekeeping and Constructivism23

Georgia Conflict25

Peacekeeping and Intervention27

CHAPTER 03: METHODOLOGY31

Data Collection Technique31

Secondary Research31

Advantages of Secondary Research31

Disadvantages of Secondary Research32

Search Technique33

Literature Search34

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria35

Additional Online Searches35

CHAPTER 04: DISCUSSION36

The Security Council38

Involvement of United States39

Casualty Aversion in Peacekeeping Missions40

National Interest and Public Support42

Distrust of Governments43

Role of the Soldier44

Force Protection45

Increasing Involvement of Media47

CHAPTER 05: CONCLUSION49

REFERENCES53

CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Since the end of the Cold War, regional conflicts and wars have demanded more active international cooperation than before. Thus, the UN has emerged as an important actor for advancing international security. The UN has provided significant peace measures for volatile situations in developing states in the hope of peacekeeping or peacemaking among adversaries. Whereas critics argue that peacekeeping operations are only effective for minor conflicts between small countries, the UN has initiated many kinds of operations since representatives of 51 nations signed the UN Charter in 1945, and has, as a result, brought useful and effective remedies to bear in dire conditions and to the relief of millions of people (Segal, 1995, 65).

Peacekeeping has been a "semi-collective security system." Even if the United Nations Charter marks security measures for international conflict in Chapter VI and VII, the UN does not have the privilege of a collective security system where member states automatically provide their military forces to implement the terms of its resolutions.' Primarily because there is no automatic provision for security forces, the UN, of necessity, plans and executes peacekeeping missions for regional or domestic conflicts. The history of peacekeeping, itself a reflection of world politics, is divided into three phases.' From the time that the UN established United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) to manage conflicts in the Middle East in 1948, the first generation of peacekeeping extended to the middle of 1980s when the Cold War reached its zenith. During that era, peacekeeping was restricted by the strategic interests of the Soviet Union and the United States. In this period, the UN mainly focused on traditional peacekeeping missions, such as monitoring the truce between conflicting parties, elections, and arms control. The UN deployed only a small number of military observers for these ...