The topic of this research is to identify challenges faced by UN peacekeeping in Somalia. The research is based on the problem that there are different conflicts going on in Africa. The nature of those conflicts is serious. The complexities associated with conflicts in Somalia are increasing. Therefore, there is a need for the interventions of the United Nations in Somalia. The research methodology that has been proposed for this research is qualitative research methodology. The focus of this research is on the case of Somalia. Somalia has been chosen for this study because of its strategtic position in the region. The peacemaking operations in Africa are faced wtih several challenges.
Table of Contents
Abstractii
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION1
Background of the Study1
Statement of the Research Problem6
Objective of the Study6
Significance of the Study6
Research Design7
Methodology8
Scope of the Study9
Hypothesis10
Limitations10
Definition of Key Concepts10
Conflict10
Peacekeeping10
Structure of the Research11
Chapter 01: Introduction11
Chapter 02: Literature Review11
Chapter 03: Methodology11
Chapter 04: Findings12
Chapter 05: Conclusion12
Ethical Considerations12
Summary of Chapter 0113
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW14
Concept of Conflict16
Theories of Conflict Resolution19
Preventive Diplomacy21
The Concept of Peacekeeping23
Summary of Chapter 0224
CHAPTER THREE26
Human Security and the Redefinition of Security26
Formation of the United Nations27
United Nation Peacekeeping Operations27
Challenges faced by United Nations Peacemaking in Somalia30
Summary of Chapter 0330
CHAPTER: FOUR32
Causes of Conflicts32
The background and causes of conflict in Somalia33
United Nations' Intervention in Somalia35
Summary of Chapter 0436
CHAPTER: FIVE38
Peacekeeping Challenges in Somalia38
Sensitivity of the People38
Rapid Deployment Capability39
Robust Operational Mandates39
Acquiring Troops from Developed Nations40
Effective Enforcement of Arms Embargo40
Commitment and Cooperation of the Warlords41
Adequate Funding and Logistics41
CHAPTER 06: CONCLUSION43
Recommendations45
References46
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The United Nations has developed as many as sixty one peace keeping operations. A number of these peacekeeping missions belong with Africa. There were only a few of those peacekeeping operations that resulted in positive impacts. In other words, only a limited number of PKOs actually brought peace.
From 1992-1995, two countries in Africa faced one of the hardest periods of their existence. The internal conflict was of biblical proportions in terms of casualties, disease, famine, and political chaos impacting stability in the region and dramatically changing the course of economic, political and social events up to the present day. For both the Somalia and Rwandan crises, there are common actors that play particular roles. These include civil society, rebels, the local government, the international community (represented by the decision makers of the UN Security Council and International Nongovernmental Organizations or INGOs) for peacekeeping operations, military support and finally, the media. Keeping in mind that each of the actors are key players in understanding Somalia and Rwanda, it would be almost mandatory to analyze each of their roles individually. It is evident that many questions arise around the role of media in humanitarian crises anywhere they occur, and there are many potential explanations for each of these questions. That is why, in an attempt to answer most of the questions in this paper, It is argued that events in Somalia and the way the media portrayed the crisis resulted in a reluctance by political decision makers to maintain peacekeeping operations in Rwanda ...