Advanced Methods in Psychology

[Name of the Institute]

Advanced Methods in Psychology

Question one

The career counselors are interested in noting any change in trends in the career interest inventory. They hypothesis that men will more likely to be interested in a career as a fireman then women. In today's more equitable society, does the data suggest that this is still the case?

The changes in the trends are mostly noted, through the average change in the behaviors of the sample, taken from the targeted populations. These changes are gauged mainly through the cohort study. However through the data set, present to us, we can compare the average Z scores of the male and females and infer, if they are statistically equal or different from each other.

The categories will initially be tested against the interest variable (firemen) in order to get the average z scores of both the categories. The most appropriate test, which can be used, is independent sample t-test. It can help us to compare the averages and elaborate the comparison, whether the similarity or the difference in the means of the two categories.

Hypothesis

H0 = the average z scores of the males and the females are same for the variable (fireman)

HA= the average z scores of the males and the females are different for the variable (fireman)

Data Set Amendments

The males and females will be will be assigned the values of 1 and 2 respectively.

Results Explanations

If we see at the results, in the table above, we can make our interpretations on many factors. The first and the foremost thing, we can look at, is the average (Z scores) of the males and the females. The average Z scores, themselves explain the different between the choices of the males and the females, as the Z scores of the males are in the positive, while for the females, they are in the negative. However in order to be more rational, independent sample t-test provides us with some rational justifications for our claims and help us to accept or reject our null hypothesis.

But before going to the results of the independent sample t test, it is important to look at the results of the proportion of the respondents. The study tends to be less confounding if the respondents are almost equal.

The proportion as, it can be seen above is almost equal and therefore satisfactory.

Now coming to the results of the independent sample t test, we will first look at the equality of variances, where the p value is > 0.05, which means that the variances in both the categories are same. Therefore, we will look at the equality of means in the same column. The equality of mean, with the p value of < 0.05 elaborates that the average z-scores in both categories are not equal.

Therefore based on these results, we can infer that in today's more equitable society, the data significantly suggest that this is still the case, where mean prefers to be the firefighter (with higher average z scores), ...