Abstract

In this study we try to explore the concept of Jim Crow Laws in a holistic context. The main focus of the research is on Jim Crow Laws and its relation with Racial Discrimination. The research also analyzes many aspects of Jim Crow Laws and tries to gauge its effect on Racial Discrimination.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract1

Jim Crow Laws3

Introduction3

Description and Analysis3

Origin of Jim Crow laws4

Works Cited8

Jim Crow Laws

Introduction

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965, which assigned the racial segregation in all public facilities mandated in law under the slogan "separate but equal", and applied to black Americans and other nonwhite ethnic groups in the United States. In fact, this led to treatment and accommodations that were generally lower than those insured for U.S. targets, scheduling a number of educational, social and economic disadvantages.

Examples of these laws were segregated public places, public schools; public transport and the segregation of restaurants and restrooms, there were also drinking fountains for whites and blacks. The U.S. military was also segregated. Jim Crow laws were derived from the Black Codes (1800-1866), who had also limited the civil liberties and civil rights of African Americans.

Description and Analysis

After the American Civil War, which liberated blacks from slavery, the federal government has taken measures to ensure the rights of the black population (13, 14, 15, an amendment to the Constitution, the Law "On Civil Rights" in 1866 and 1875). In response, the Democrats of the southern states have adopted local laws have severely restricted the rights of the black minority. These laws became known as “Jim Crow” (Jim Crow laws), named after the comic character (Richard, 125).

In 1890, in Louisiana, racial segregation was introduced on the railroad, which is considered to be the beginning of the era of "Jim Crow Laws." By 1915, every Southern state had similar laws. For example, there were limitations associated with participation in the vote: poll taxes and literacy test, which referred only to blacks. Literacy test was a reading of the text of the U.S. Constitution and the Declaration of Independence by heart. As a result, in the elections of 1900 in Alabama, only 181 thousand blacks voted from 3000.

By the middle of the XX century, under the pressure of public opinion the Supreme Court began to recognize that these laws were unconstitutional. The last of these laws were repealed in 1964, after consideration of the case "motel" Heart of Atlanta "against the United States", when in Georgia, segregation have been banned in public places (restaurants, hotels and shops).

Origin of Jim Crow laws

During the period of Reconstruction, from 1865 to 1877, there was a federal law that provided protection for civil rights in the South for African Americans, which had previously been slaves. For several years, the gubernatorial election in Louisiana were stopped or questioned because of the extreme violence unleashed during the campaign. In 1877, there was a commitment to win national support from the South in presidential elections resulting in the ...