Use of Environmental Management Systems in the UK

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to take this chance for thanking my research facilitator, friends & family for support they provided & their belief in me as well as guidance they provided without that I would have never been able to do this research.



DECLARATION

I, (Your name), would like to declare that all contents included in this dissertation stand for my individual work without any aid, and this dissertation has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level, previously. It is also representing my very own views and not essentially those that are associated with the university.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

1.1 Introduction1

1.2 Background of the Research1

1.3 Problem Statement3

1.4 Aims and Objectives4

1.5 Dissertation Methodology4

1.6 Research Question5

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW6

2.1 Introduction6

2.2 Definition of Environmental Management Systems6

2.3 EMS Cycle According to ISO 140018

2.3.1 The ' PLAN' Phase8

2.3.2 The ' DO' Phase9

2.3.3 The 'CHECK' Phase9

2.3.4 The 'ACT' Phase9

2.4 Functions of Environmental Management System10

2.5 Benefits of Environmental Management System to Companies11

2.5.1 Cost Savings11

2.5.2 Increased efficiency12

2.5.3 Market Opportunities12

2.5.5 Meet Customer Requirements13

2.5.6 Better Relationships With Stakeholders14

2.6 Definition ISO 1400115

2.7 Benefits of ISO 1400117

2.8 Requirement for ISO 1400117

2.8.1 General Requirements17

2.8.2 Environmental policy17

2.9 Requirements for Planning18

2.9.1 Environmental Aspects18

2.9.2 Legal requirement18

2.9.3 Objectives, Targets, and Programs19

2.10 Requirements for Implementation20

2.10.1 Structure and Responsibility21

2.10.2 Competence, Training, and Awareness21

2.10.3 Communications22

2.10.4 Documentation22

2.10.5 Control of Documents23

2.10.6 Operational Control23

2.10.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response24

2.11 Requirements for Checking25

2.11.1 Monitoring and Measurement25

2.11.2 Evaluation of Compliance25

2.11.3 Non-conformances, Corrective and Preventive Action25

2.11.4 Control of Records26

2.11.5 Internal Audit27

2.12 Management Review27

2.13 Differences between ISO 9001 and IS0 1400128

2.14 Significance of ISO 1400130

2.15 Standards And International Recommendations In The Areas Of Environmental Management Systems30

2.15.1 British Standard for Environmental Management Systems BS 775030

2.15.2 The Scheme Of Environmental Management And Auditing EMAS31

2.16 Environmental Management Systems, Quality And Safety33

2.17 Environmental Management System according to EMAS35

2.18 Implementation Route of ISO14001 and EMAS37

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY38

3.1 Introduction38

3.2 The Research Process38

3.3 Philosophical Framework or Paradigm39

3.4 Social Constructivist Theory43

3.5 Phenomenology45

3.6 Rationale for a Qualitative Study47

3.7 Rationale for a Phenomenological Study48

3.8 Research Question49

3.9 Methodology50

3.9.1 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria52

3.9.2 Role of the Researcher53

3.9.3 Researcher Bias54

3.10 Secondary Data54

3.11 Data Collection Methods54

3.12 Quality and Verification55

3.13 Limitations of Research56

3.14 Keywords Used56

3.15 Ethical consideration56

3.16 Limitations and Suggestion for Future Research57

3.17 Time Horizon58

3.18 Summary59

CHAPTER 4: CRITICAL ANALYSIS60

4.1 Introduction60

4.2 Critical Analysis60

4.2.1 Importance of Implementing Management System60

4.2.2 Comparison Between Cerification of ISO 14001 and 900161

4.3 Summary66

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS67

5.1 Introduction67

5.2 Conclusion67

5.3 Recommendations71

5.4 Summary71

REFERENCES73

APPENDIX77

List of Countries for ISO 1400177

List of Countries for ISO 900178

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

The main objective of carrying out this research is to identify the importance and usage of environmental management systems in the UK. This research has been organized in successive five chapters and reveals the overall contribution of environmental management system, while recommending ways to further enhance the topic under consideration.

1.2 Background of the Research

The current environmental situation and trends are largely determined by industrial production and economic activity in general. In spite of individual successes and achievements, the overall picture continues to deteriorate, leading to further development of the ecological crisis in the ...