THERAPEUTIC LAPAROSCOPY

Therapeutic Laparoscopy for Emergency Surgery

Therapeutic Laparoscopy for Emergency Surgery

Background to the review

The intention of the research is to expand the horizon of our knowledge by having an overview of the topic. Laparoscopy in surgical emergencies gives valuable information with minimal incision and morbidity, healthcare practitioner can obtain data to confirm or exclude intra-abdominal pathology in cases of doubt. Laparoscopy is an endoscopic technique that allows examination of abdominal organs, so we can diagnose and treat patient's condition. The emergence of laparoscopy in the late 1980's as a credible therapeutic intervention heralded a new surgical age.

Demonstrable reduction of wound complications, post-operative pain, hospital stay and costs in treating gallbladder disease and gynaecological conditions such as laparoscopic sterilisation and hysterectomy led to the expansion of its use in other abdominal organ pathology, such as the colon, stomach and oesophagus. Initially laparoscopy would be limited to elective surgery but as technology and surgical experience expanded so did the application of laparoscopy into the emergency setting. Laparoscopic surgery has now been described in many abdominal emergencies, such as acute appendicitis, blunt and penetrating trauma, perforated peptic ulcer disease and acute pancreatitis, and this variety of conditions seems set to expand further.

Emergency Surgery can be described as 'poly specialistic surgical procedure execute for trauma injuries or for non-traumatic severe diseases through the same admission in the hospital as recommended by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) 1. In other words it can be defined as in the medical - free dictionary by FARLEX as a Surgery that cannot be delayed for which there is no alternative therapy and a delay could result in death or permanent impairment of health or in much simpler term it can be said a surgery which must be done quickly to save life, limb or functional capacity as mentioned in Wikipedia - 2009.

They are 1) starts emergency operations at whatever time, day or night. 2) The condition of current clinical care to post-operative patients and other inpatients being handle non-operatively, together with emergency patients and elective patients who make contradictions. 3) To undertake more operations for patients who have just undergone surgical procedure that is either deliberate procedures or accidental 'returns to theatre'. 4) The condition of assessment and recommendation for patients pass on from other areas of the hospital (including the emergency department) and from general practitioners. For regional services this may contain supporting other hospitals in the network. 5) Before time, effectual and constant acute pain management. 6) Communication with patients and their groups.

Acute care or emergency surgery has come into existence and got established since 1950s resulting in the formation of Trauma team and Trauma surgeon. Later on in the 1960s Blood banks and proper organization of the emergency department including Para-medics would formed for the early life saving treatment and pre-operative stabilization in case surgery is required.3 And presently it has been seen that the emergency admissions in the NHS in England are about 35% of total admissions and cost the budget approximately £11 ...