TAIPEI 101

Case study of the buildings and structures with tuned mass dampers: Taipei 101

Abstract

Creation of the first generation of skyscrapers was based on force. Masonry veneer walls and heavy curtains to use the AT as the extra time a considerable amount of stiffness and damping of the structure. Inter-storey drifts and peak accelerations were relatively low. Advances in technology in materials science have enabled the use of high performance concrete, steel and composite sections. Skyscrapers former combined with the use of complex 3-D structural design software in the evolution of a new generation of more economical and structurally efficient. However, greater flexibility and lower depreciation makes these structures more vulnerable to wind-induced vibrations, causing severe illness in humans due to excessive accelerations. Several solutions have been designed to ease the movement of Super-Tall buildings, including structural changes, aerodynamic aids in order to increase the inherent damping of the building. The current situation is composed of three parts: a review of past and current trends in the structural systems of large buildings, including a comparison of the 20 tallest buildings worldwide, An investigation of passive control registers-Tuned Mass also several examples of structures that have such a system and demonstrate the effectiveness and Tuned mass damper and a case study of the tallest building ongoing structural first place in the world at 500 meters a wealth of architectural, engineering and production of building - Taipei 101. Change in the response of the tower and wind vibration is shown an analysis of the history of time with and without TDG SAP2000 model. Finally, recommendations for future research in the field of distributed TMDS are offered.

Table of Contents

Abstract2

1. Introduction: Human need to go higher and higher7

1.1 Skyscraper Evolution10

2. Structural Systems of Tall Buildings13

2.1 Floor Systems14

2.1.1 Concrete Floor Systems14

2.1.2 Steel Floor Systems14

2.2 Vertical Load Resisting Systems15

2.3 Lateral Load Resisting Systems15

2.3.1 Moment Resisting Frames16

2.3.2 Braced Frames17

2.3.3 Staggered Truss System20

2.4 Outrigger and Belt Truss System24

2.5 Framed Tube System27

2.6 Trussed Tube30

2.7 Bundled Tube31

3. Comparison of functional schemes of the 20 biggest structures in the world33

3.1 #1: Taipei 101- 509m (Taipei)35

3.2 #2-3: Petronas Towers 1&2 - 452m (Kuala Lumpur)35

3.3 #4: Sears Tower - 442m (Chicago)36

3.4 #5: Jin Mao Tower- 421m (Shanghai)37

3.5 #6: Two International Finance Centre- 415m (Hong Kong)39

3.6 #8: Shun Hing Square - 384m (Shenzhen)39

3.7 #9: Empire State Building - 381m (New York City)40

3.8 #10: Central Plaza - 374m (Hong Kong)41

3.9 #11: Bank of China Tower- 367m (Hong Kong)42

3.10 #16: John Hancock Centre- 344m (Chicago)44

3.11 New Generation of Skyscrapers44

3. 12 Human solace in Tall structures - Motion Criteria46

4. The require for damping apparatus in organisations52

5. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD)59

5. 1 Introduction59

5.2 Active TMD62

6. Case Studies: Tall structures with TMD65

6.1 John Hancock Tower, Boston: two 300-ton TMDs66

6.2 Citicorp Tower, New York City: 400-ton TMD68

6.3 Canadian National Tower: Two 9-ton TMD71

6.4 Chiba Port Tower: 10-ton TMD72

6.5 Crystal Tower, Japan: two TMD73

7. Case Study: Taipei 10181

7.1 Design Development82

7.1.1 Architectural Shaping83

7.1.2 Exterior symbolism - Feng Shui84

7.1.3 Native Bamboo Plant analogy86

7.1.4 Leasing88

7.1.5 Vertical Transportation Scheme90

7.1.6 Structural ...