SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease more distinguished in women and illustrated by damage of several organs. Discrepancy in interleukin-2 production and levels draws a parallel with SLE progression. IL-2 plays a key role in setting the balance between immunity and tolerance. This cytokine has a dual role as the regulator of the two main phases of the immune response (proliferate and suppressive). Likewise, activation induced cell death and the induction and maintenance of regulatory T cells are the tolerance mechanisms regulated by IL-2, which convey the link between IL-2 abnormalities and the development of autoimmune disorders, such as SLE. This review, focus on IL-2 levels, which may involve in the pathogenesis of SLE, by briefly describing abnormal IL-2 production and serum levels in SLE patients. Also focus on the possible causes of its deficiency and the pathological roles of IL-2 and suggest how its disturbances may implicate in pathological conditions in SLE.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Introduction

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ damage, an increase in auto antibodies titre, and an assortment of clinical demonstrations. The frequency of SLE in women is greater than in men because of the effect female's sex hormones. Inflammation Arthritis, serum auto antibodies (immune complex deposition), glomerulonephritis, joint pain, skin rash and vasculitis are the common manifestation that developed and could be observed in SLE patients; however these could be accompanied by other signs and symptoms. The exact aetiology of SLE is unknown. However, multiple genes contribute to disease susceptibility. Many cytokines have an impact on the progression of SLE. Lupus is the disorder that affects more than 16, 000 Americans per year, the same causes is due to the inflammation of the skin, problems in joints, and also affects most of the body organs. Lupus can be severe as well as mild. It may last for a short period of time, and some time it becomes the chronic disease. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or lupus normally affects women, not men. This sort of illness may cause in the women at the time of their productive year or year of pregnancy. Many years ago, women who had lupus were strongly advised not to become pregnant, since they were vulnerable to spontaneous abortion. Plus, the risk and complications in pregnancy were too high to take a risk. These days women with lupus are encouraged to have babies and become pregnant, because successful pregnancy rates have reached over 50%.

Lupus is an illness that is autoimmune and is described by exhaustion, hurting in joints or bulge, sickness, superficial irritation, kidney soreness and rarely, oral aching and loss of hair. In accordance with the Lupus Foundation of America, 16,000 or more Americans, mainly African American, Hispanic and Asian women among the period of 15 and 45, grow lupus every year, with an expected more than a million American people presently existing with some type of lupus. Though nearly all cases are gentle and merely influence only ...