Stress and Burnout

Stress and Burnout

Introduction

The concept of burnout emerged in psychological terminology in the 70s of the twentieth century, thanks to a psychiatrist Herbert Freudenbergera, and in parallel and independently through social psychologist Christina Maslach. Since that time, has seen a steady growth of interest in this issue, which results in a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Research shows that burnout syndrome may touch various professional groups, but most commonly with occupations in which there is frequent and close contact with other people. The most studied occupational groups were nurses, rescue workers and hospices, teachers and educators, social workers, therapists and physicians (Dessler, 2011).

Discussion

The term burnout is defined emotional exhaustion, physical and spiritual bodies, as evidenced by the reduced interest in work, reduced activity, and lack of satisfaction with the professional activities performed. It is usually accompanied by a reduced sense of personal accomplishment, excessive self-criticism, loss of motivation and belief, often a sense of meaninglessness and a desire to escape or to refrain from work (Overman, 2010). Burnout is a complex and lengthy. There are two types of burnout:

Burnout active

It is caused by the events and external factors which can include working conditions, particularly excessive workload and institutional factors, and

Burnout passive

Burnout that is inherent in the body's reactions to the above mentioned reasons. Burnout must therefore be regarded as a function of lack of job performance, while the inapplicability of effective strategies to cope with job stress. The causes of stress to look at three levels:

Individual

Interpersonal

Organizational.

It lists a number of factors of burnout syndrome. The most important include the hard working conditions and poor organization, lack of emotional gratification, unrealistic expectations of work, lack of social support and disappointing earnings. Are also important features of the working of which include the emotional gaps in his personal life, which the employee is trying to compensate by working, which can lead to a blurring of boundaries between work and private life, and between work and leisure (Overman, 2010).

The burning process is secret and is not recognized by the person concerned. In the beginning there is fatigue, tension, irritability, hyperactivity alternating with signs of mental and physical exhaustion. With time, it gets accompanied by a loss of energy, discouragement and depression, the only professional situation. Then there are signs of excessive distancing, limited to acts of instrumental off the interpersonal contact and involvement. Finally, there is depersonalization, humiliation ...