PSYCHOLOGY

Counseling And Psychotherapy

Counseling And Psychotherapy

Introduction

Psychotherapy is referred to as therapeutic interaction that takes place between a patient and a client or family. Psychotherapy actually aims to address the issues which are psychological in nature and they don't have any specific kind or nature. These issues usually depend on the specialty of the practitioner. The main objective of psychotherapy is to enhance the individual sense of his own well being. Psychotherapists use various kinds of experiments and techniques to improve the health of the patient.

On the other hand, counseling is a process in which the expert or the counselor has face to face conversations with the patient to solve his social, personal or professional problems. Counseling is the process which handles individual personal, social, vocational and professional problems. Counseling is basically a theory based process and counselors work only in those fields in which they have expertise.

Discussion

Emergence of counseling and psychotherapy

The history of psychology takes us back to the early years of 1800.Lightner Witmer was one of the few individuals to establish the first counseling clinics in the year 1986. After that a very professor Sigmund Freud also contributed to the field and opened another counseling clinic. By 1986, he was able to develop and create various methods and ways to talk to patients that were having problems in their social, educational and professional life. Sigmund with his counseling abilities was able to help a patient process current attitudes and behaviors by handling his past issues and problems. After Freud counseling and psychology theories, Carl Rogers also developed various methods and ways, and practiced counseling on their experiences. The counseling practice of Carl Rogers are mostly practiced by various counselors today all round the world (Anderson & Lambert, 1995, pp. 504)

The theories of counseling and psychotherapy were developed during the early years of the 20th century. On the contrary, many theorists also believe that the roots of counseling and psychotherapy emerged long time ago before the 20th century. The most renowned work is done by Samuel Freud who started the research on the human mind in the year 1881.he became a neurologist and carried his practice on patients that were classed as hysterical. Freud referred his methods as psycho analysis and he practice his thrones until the 1930s. It was this time when psychology and psychiatry began to make their presence felt. Psychology and psychiatric began to emerge in the 19th century in Europe.

Many people consider Freud as one of the oldest psychological theorist in the field of counseling and psychotherapy; it was actually Franz Mesmer who developed animal magnetism in the 18th century. On the other hand, many other theorist such as James Braid, also contributed to the filed by developing hypnotherapy using inspiration from Freud ideas and experiences. Freud was one of the early theorists who discovered hypnosis in his early work in order to treat mental disorders in human. After that, he went to discover his own theories after realizing the fact that hypnosis and hypnotherapy is a very ...