Professionalism as an occupational value is currently under threat from the logic efficiency and effectiveness of organizational models of control of work. Professional nursing care by skilled nurses who were paid for their work, either in these institutions or through visiting nursing associations, grew during the nineteenth century. At that time, patterns of living and the provision of health care changed as a result of broader social changes, such as industrialization, urbanization, and changing work and gender relationships.
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in ...