PERPETUAL PEACE

Perpetual Peace by Immanuel Kant

[Institution name]

Classical Readings in International Relations

Introduction

The paper discusses the concept of Perpetual Peace and Human Nature according to Immanuel Kant. The state of peace among men living together is not a natural state (status naturalis) (Timmons 2002,p. 39). This is rather a state of war, in the sense that, although there are always declared hostilities, however, is still the threat that they will have to occur. So the state of peace must be established. The first definitive article for perpetual peace. The civil constitution of every state must be republican. And because of that association of the peoples of the earth (more or less narrow or wide it is) has progressively come to such an extent that the breach occurred at a point on the earth is felt at all points , so the idea of ??a cosmopolitan law is not a fantasy of exalted minds, but the necessary culmination of the unwritten code of public law as well as domestic international law, for the foundation of public law in general and then for 'implementation of perpetual peace.

Kant's Theory of Human Nature

Kant called the founder of German classical philosophy. Indeed, almost all types of classic and contemporary philosophizing anyway back to the work of this thinker. His work marked the beginning of a remarkable tradition in European intellectual development. Its essence lies in the fact that each further step forward is regarded as the redefining of the theoretical accumulated wealth, which carefully preserved, but not transformed into a fetish. Kant compared with Socrates, for his philosophy of human (Timmons 2002,p. 39). The ancient Greek scientist first time in the history of philosophy was distracted from the cosmos and took up the study of human nature. For Kant, the problem of man is in the first place. He does not forget about the universe, but the main theme for him - a man. He thought about the laws of life and consciousness with only one goal: to become a man of humanity. Kant's ideas have undergone transformation, but continue to live. Especially true, they sound at this stage of human development - a period humanization of all branches of knowledge, including philosophy.

Kant operates so familiar to us the concept of scientific revolution and a revolution in science. Even in ancient mathematics, he argues, has made its revolution, embarked on the path of science. The birth of mathematics as a science in ancient times was, according to Kant, the revolutionary nature of the explosion, ie, the revolution in science. Kant argues that science has taken the path of the scientific revolution much later. It was, in his view, the transition from the late Middle Ages (Ripstein 2009,p. 98). The revolution came with the teachings of Copernicus and subsequent comprehension of science Galileo, Newton, etc. But at the origins of this process, as Kant himself puts Bacon as a thinker, who well understood the revolutionary significance of the spiritual turn. Fixing this revolution in the way of thinking, Kant ...