ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT THEORIES

Organizational and Management Theories

Organizational and Management Theories

Introduction

It is not possible to address the issue of management tools for managing and developing these, without exposing the historical trends related to the organizational side, which of course have influenced the forms and development of organizational activity in organizational design and the design of jobs, as well as other important activities in organizations. Notably, productivity levels in earlier times were low, so one of the aspects to be considered by the theories has been the increase of it, made in certain situations and not others (Meyer, 2002).

Essential Background and Rationale

On the various theories, schools or approaches that have succeeded it must be said that they have appeared and developed in the last hundred years, including none is exclusive and that what happened in practice is that some have relied on the other, in many cases changing the way but in most cases very little in their content. It is very important that we study the situation before these appeared, where material and spiritual conditions of the people were poor in both work and personal life, working for more than 12 or 14 hours a day, with limited resources to decent housing and poor nutrition and rest, if this was serious, critical was the case of children working only a few years, unfortunately this situation, perhaps with another intensity and nuance, is presented in some places. Each theory or approach is therefore made of the environment and the circumstances at any given time, taking part in this not only economic factors but also the social and technology development at that stage, so we can understand that the application of any them, or their combined use will depend on our perception of the situation at that time (Watson, 2004).

It is fair to say that from the first industrial revolution, there was an accelerated technological development that allowed tip looks at the issues that occurred, as the humanization of some tasks, the significant increase in the production and the need to focus on personal and organizational coordination. In the period, changes have happened at work, in jobs and their design, development of people and different ideas about them, so the entire organizational system. The study of theories gives us the ability to assess and understand the various processes involved in organizations, which allows you to plan and take action in solving problems or in exploiting opportunities (Smirchich, 2009).

Main theories approaches to management are:

Scientific theory of management.

Classical theory of the organization.

Focus on relationships.

School of Organizational sciences.

Systems approach.

Contingency Approach.

Focus on human resources.

Compare and Contrast the three Management Theories

Contemporary theories of management tend to account for and help interpret the rapidly changing nature of today's organizational environments. This paper will deal with several important management theories which are broadly classified as 12 follows: The Scientific Management School comprising the works of Frederick W. Taylor and Lillian Gilbreth's motion study, among others; the Classical Organizational Theory School comprising the works of ...