NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

National Science Foundation

Table of Contents

Project Summary3

Project Description4

Problem Statement6

Background information6

Research Limitations7

Rationale & Description of instruments7

High-Field Nmr Spectrometer8

FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER11

Portable IR Spectrometer12

Operation & Maintenance13

Proposed Research16

Qualitative Research23

Quantitative research23

Proposed Timeline31

Broader Impacts33

Intellectual Merit34

Evaluation35

Dissemination36

Experience and capability of the principal investigators36

Bibliography38

Project Summary

The purpose of this study is to give an overview on the National Science Foundation. This program solicitation is intended to facilitate interactions between faculty and students supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory (CSTL) and Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory (MSEL), including the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR). Chemistry, materials research, molecular biology, bioengineering, and chemical engineering are centralized at NIST in these laboratories. Support may be requested for supplements to existing NSF awards to provide the opportunity for faculty and students to participate in research at NIST facilities.

Project Description

This project will cover the different mechanisms for the molecular study. Several studies have been organised for this purpose. Currently over 300 proteins have been identified from Medicago truncatula tissues during the studies for optimization of proteomics protocols. NUE emphasizes new approaches to undergraduate engineering education through interdisciplinary collaborations. These collaborations could lead to, but are not limited to:

A freshman course introducing the basic phenomena and processes at the nanoscale, the unifying principle of matter at the nanoscale, connections to other disciplines, and application areas of societal relevance;

New examples of undergraduate nanoscale engineering courses that are presented through the development of laboratory and demonstration experiments, manuals and other written materials, software, and web-based resources;

Development and dissemination of new teaching modules for nanoscale engineering of relevance to engineering education that can be used in existing undergraduate courses;

Incorporation of undergraduate research opportunities in nanoscale engineering into the curriculum at any level; and

Development of courses or curricular enhancements related to nanoscale engineering and technology and environmental or social change.

Proposals similar to those defined by this solicitation may also be submitted to the NSF Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement (CCLI) program managed by the Division of Undergraduate Education. The same proposal, however, cannot be simultaneously submitted to both NUE and the CCLI program.

Introduction

The purpose of this research proposal will be to understand the basic functions of proton pumps in relation with the NSF standards.

Problem Statement

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of medications in the United States. Their superior acid suppression provides better control of intragastric pH over 24 hours compared with histamine type 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs).

Background information

Omeprazole was the first PPI introduced on the market in 1989, followed by the introduction of lansoprazole in 1995, rabeprazole in 1999, pantoprazole in 2000, and esomeprazole—the newest PPI introduced in 2001. Each agent has a different pharmacokinetic profile, tissue selectivity, binding specificity, and potential for interactions through the cytochrome P450 enzyme system (Abrahams, 2004). PPIs are available as extended-release tablets or capsules; pantoprazole is also available as an intravenous formulation. Omeprazole is the only PPI available in a generic form and has recently been approved by the Food ...