METAPHYSICS

Metaphysics

Metaphysics

What is metaphysics?

Metaphysics is related to the study of providing explanation of fundamental nature of being and the world. It is a branch of philosophy and the term can be defined through variety of ways (Inwagen, 1993).

What is the mind-body problem and why is it a problem in metaphysics?

Mind-body problem is the term used to understand the association between the physical matters and the mind, which constitute the human body. It is widely perceived as a problem in metaphysics because the mind-body problem arises from mental phenomenon like beliefs, emotions and through which is not at all related to physical phenomenon (Inwagen, 1993).

Summarize Richard Taylor's argument that mind does not exist

Similar to the thoughts of many materialists, Taylor consider that the mind-body problem is nothing but the outcome of the problem of addressing the complex and unsolved issues of neuroscience and psychology like how conscious thoughts and ideas can come out from supposedly unconscious matter. Taylor believes that there is no such thing as mind-body problem because mind itself is an illusion and does not exist in reality. The thoughts of Taylor can be summarize that “there are only certain familiar states, capacities, and abilities, which are conventionally but misleadingly called 'mental' (Rescher, 1969, pp. 136).

State the law of contradiction and give an example of something that would violate the law of contradiction.

The law of contradiction (non-contradiction) states that two opposite or contradictory statements cannot be true at the same time in the same sense. For example, the two statements that A is not B and A is B are exclusive on the mutual basis (Priest, 2004).

What is the type-token distinction …..Are all tokens of a particular type equally tokens of that type?

In the world of philosophy the concept of type-token distinction is the once which ...