MEDICINE

Medicine



Medicine

The Personalization of Medicine

In the 21st century, personalized medicine is a growing trend. The pharmaceutical industry is very gradually moving away from the blockbuster model of drug development, which is based on the theory that “one drug treats most patients most of the time,” to a model whereby medicines are designed to treat the specific patient, not the population as a whole. Pharmaceutical companies that are able to navigate the path from the blockbuster to the personalized medicine model of drug development will become early leaders in this new era of medicine.

Numerous new technologies will facilitate the development of personalized medicine; key among them is pharmacogenomics, which determines how genomic variations in people modify the behavior of drugs. Pharmacogenomics combines pharmacology with genomic information and can be used during the development of new drugs to identify the most appropriate drug to treat an individual based on that person's genomic makeup.

Pharmacogenomics has built on information generated by the Human Genome Project and the SNP Consortium. The Human Genome Project determined the sequence of all human genes; the consortium is a public/ private collaboration established to discover and characterize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that represent common DNA sequence variations in different individuals. These polymorphisms and other biomarkers are needed not only to correlate a particular genetic variation with a disease but also to develop a diagnostic test to screen for the presence or absence of that genetic variation. A person's genetic profile ultimately determines how that person will respond to a drug.

Definition

Personalized surgery is a very broad and quickly accelerating area of wellbeing care that is acquainted by each person's exclusive clinical, genetic, genomic, and ecological information. Health care that adopts personalized medicine is an incorporated, coordinated, evidence-based set about to individualizing persevering care over the continuum (from wellbeing to disease). Personalized medicine counts on using multidisciplinary wellbeing care groups to encourage wellbeing and wellness, persevering learning and approval, and customized infection avoidance, detection, and treatment. Personalized medicine values genomic medicine to take benefit of a molecular comprehending of infection to optimize preventive wellbeing care schemes and pharmaceutical treatments while persons are still well or at the soonest phases of disease. The overarching aim of personalized medicine is to optimize health care and conclusions for each individual, to encompass treatments, medication kinds and dosages, and/or avoidance schemes may disagree from individual to person—resulting in an unprecedented customization of persevering care.

 

Impact of Pharmacogenetics

The influence of the ordination on our proficiency to forecast pharmaceutical answer is one of the most undertaking and fertile localities of genomic and personalized medicine. Pharmacogenetics is the study of genetic distinction that finally devotes increase to the variable answers in persons to any granted pharmaceutical action. Pharmacogenomics values genomic know-how to realise the consequences of all relevant genes on the demeanor of a pharmaceutical or conversely the result of a pharmaceutical on gene expression. Pharmacogenomics, like pharmacogenetics, has rapidly griped genomic technologies to recognise molecular patterns of answer, pharmaceutical disposition, and pharmaceutical goals, yielding molecular biomarkers ...