INTERNATIONAL CULTURE DIFFERENCES

International Culture Differences

International Culture Differences

Introduction

Business has so rapidly developed globally, management is no longer restricted to the domestic territory, but has gone beyond national borders and constantly confronts cultural diversity. Culture has gradually come to play an increasingly prominent role in the international business over the last couple of decades. Being aware of the differences that exist between cultures and knowing how to respond to when we encounter puzzling cross-cultural situations are important skills. These cultural differences can and do impact on behavior and understanding. If we know more about the different cultural beliefs, values, and attitudes of our global neighbours, we could dispel the barriers to tolerance, understanding and good communications. James Lee states that "the unconscious reference to ones own cultural values is the root cause of most business problems abroad."

Discussion

The purpose of this paper is to discuss James' statement made by examining the meaning of culture, its impact on management within overseas markets, and analysis the dangers of Self Reference Criteria (SRC) as well as how can they be avoid. Examples will be used to support the management practice which may keep reducing the impact of SRC. The "hot topics" for the 21st century would seem to be globalisation, team working and diversity. (Carucci & Pasmore 2002, 191) It provides a background to considering issues relating to development and performance of international management teams. In a global context the management and development of people inevitably leads to considerations of diversity and related challenges. It may discuss the challenges facing organizations which are intending to work effectively across borders. They identify the major challenges as being able to develop practices which balance global competitiveness, multinational flexibility and the building of a worldwide learning capability. They maintain that achieving this balance will require organizations to develop the cultural sensitivity and ability to manage and leverage learning to build future capabilities. For global organizations there is an increasing need to get groups of managers from different nationalities to work together effectively. Many organizations have found that bringing such groups of managers together can be problematic and performance is not always at the level required or expected. In addressing the issues relating to developing effective international management teams it apprears that the following areas should be considered: (Alred et al 2006, 208)

In order to better understand the impact of cultural difference, it is useful to identify clear framework for analysing and understanding national cultural differences. As for the current solution approaching to the culture differences, the research history could date back to 1961, when Kluckhohn and Strodtheck created the comparative model, demonstrated the Orientations and Implications for Management .Yet, multidisciplinary and experimental hypothesis testing work was rare in above domain. Then, Kroeber and Kluckhohn showed 164 definitions for the culture in 1963. But these interpretations had not been given much attention and weight to the essential of culture. Most researchers in this field agree that Greert Hofstede, is probably one of the first to adopt a pragmatic engineering problem ...