The legal doctrine of employment at will holds that, in the absence of a contract that specifies otherwise, both employer and employee can end the employment relationship at any time for any reason that is not in violation of a law. Employees working under a contract, such as a labor agreement, are not at-will employees and may only be terminated for cause as defined in the contract. For co-ops with unions, at-will is still an issue for employees outside the bargaining unit (Filipp, 1998).