A person flips a coin 30 times, obtains 20 heads out of the 30 tosses, and asks “Is this a fair coin, whose likelihood of heads is .50?”
Hypothesis Test
Hypothesis testing is a decision-making process for evaluating claims about a population. A hypothesis test determines if an observed value of a statistic (from a sample) differs enough from a hypothesized value of a parameter (from a population) to draw the inference that the hypothesized value is not the true value (Stockburger, 2005).
The most commonly used current method for hypothesis testing is formally called 'null hypothesis significance testing.' Most ...